1966_0401 ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 1 ---------- T H E : WESTERN WASHINGTON STATE COLLEGE n CoU-CBiRM Vol. LVIII No. 22 Bellingham,Washington Friday, April 1, 1966 UNIVERSITY STATUS SEEN FOR WESTERN THIS FALL 'Luckyaccident' tips Collegian reporter AH, SPRING Once again the time of year is upon us and we can takepart in all of those great outdoor activities which are so typical of Spring, just as these students did last year in this good natured game of volleyball. The P. E. department claims that after Western becomes auniversity next fall, it will be able to buy better equipment than the type pictured here. $100,000program awarded to Western Western Washington State College has been awarded $100,000 f r om t he Rockefeller Foundation for P r o j e c t Catch- Up, a p r o g r am designed to raise the educationalperformance and aspirational levels of 50 disadvantaged 13- a n d 14- year-old j u n i o r h i g h schoolpupils. The grant was announced Saturday by Western's B u r e a u of F a c u l t y Research. It will beused to finance a two-year p r o g r am at Western during t h e summers. ^ Dr. Evelyn P. Mason ofWestern's Psychology Department will direct the project, which is scheduled to begin in June. SterlingBrand, principal of Mountain View School, Fern-dale, will be co-director and Dr. Robert Meade ofWestern's Psychology Department will evaluate the project. The program was prepared by Dr.William J. Laidlaw also of Western's Psychology Department, who will serve as Special Consultant.The program will draw participants from Whatcom and Skagit Counties in the rural and relatively smallurban areas. The staff will work with junior high school pupils in the age range where educational andaspirational levels and attainments need reinforcement. Approximately 50 percent of the pupils willconsist of Indian children, a group that in the past has responded very little to and have had littleopportunity to obtain higher education. The participants will consist of pupils of medium to high potential but low academic performance and economic status who are approaching the legal school drop-out age.They wil? be selected by a board made up of school officials, college faculty members andrepresentatives from the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The pupils will live on the college campus and willreceive instruction in the communication skills, reading, arithmetic, arts and sciences. Participantswill also be provided with educational, vocational and personal counseling. Western is also currentlyconducting Project Overcome, a program for disadvantaged high school students. Jeopardy arrivesbut supply short "Jeopardy," Western's literary magazine, should be available to Students April 7."Because of limited funds we were able to print only 1,000 copies, and 250 of those have been held outfor contributors," said Jack Benedict, "Jeopardy" editor. "That means there will be only 750 copies forthe general public. They will be given out on a first come-first serve basis." This year's "Jeopardy,"which Benedict says "includes some of the finest work done at Western in years," will feature a 20-page poetry supplement consisting of the works of several of the new-wave poets, among them WilliamStafford, James DenBoer, David Wagoner and Philip Booth. All of the works are previously unpublished."Jeopardy," which will be approximately 75 pages long, will be available to students at the VikingUnion desk. As in the past, two members of Western's faculty will present critical reviews of theworks in Jeopardy. These reviews will appear in the Collegian in the near future. There will be a reviewon both the ishort stories and the poetry. As of Sept. 1 t h i s year Western Washington S t a t eCollege will be no more. Western has finally reached u n i v e r s i t y status, t h e Collegian learned early Thursday morning. In a special ceremony on t h e steps of Old Main, Sept. 1, Governor DanEvans will re-name Western, t h e S t a t e U n i v e r s i t y of W e s t e r n Washington. The Collegian learned the news by lucky accident. After overhearing a high-ranking Western administrative officialmention the new name to his wife at a local pub downtown, a Collegian reporter phoned PresidentHarvey C. Bunke at 12:05 Thursday morning. BUNKE REVEALS NEWS! Bunke didn't attempt to denythe facts. He laughed and said, "Yes, it's true. We received word from Olympia last week that ourpetition had been approved. We had planned on calling a press conference later this month to reveal thenews." "There were many details to work out, of course," Bunke said. "Changing the College's namealone involves the cost of several thousands of dollars in new stationery." There is speculation thatWestern vail.'be-in line for larger state and federal.grants, now that the College is becoming a University. Herbert Taylor, Dean of Research, commented:" We have received several large grants in the last fewyears. Certainly, now that we have risen in stature to University level, more" grants will be forth-coming.** MORE PARKING Plans are underway for new parking lots, according to Dean of Me* ClydeMcDonald. "We may have to dig up the women's PE field, he said. Dean of Women Lorraine Powerswas 'only tentatively optimistic about Western's new status. "If this would involve more students livingoff campus, I would not approve of it," she said. "Once the .students are beyond the campus boundariesit is much harder to enforce regulations, such as the banr rang of pants for women." "However," sheadded, "I am ill favor of Western becoming a university." Joe Nusbaum, Western's Business Manager,pointed out that everything won't come up roses. "Now that we are becoming a university it meanstuition and fees will definitely go up by 1968 at the latest." Asked to comment on Western becoming a university, Bob Graham* Collegian editor, summed the matter up, saying, "April Fool!" WE WERESTUMPED All of Western's botanists and tree lovers were chagrined by the fiendish plot which, dVerthe holidays, left a number of beautiful elm trees near the library xtiit to the quick. Authorities laterrevealed that they were removed to titake room for a sewer pipe, which hardly seems a fair trade. Sefe-'li fery, P. 3. ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 2 ---------- PAGE TWO THE COLLEGIAN FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 THE BOOK-OIi-THE-MONTH CLUB AND [THECOLLEGE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION ARE PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE The Tirsi Annual Book-of-the-Month Club Writing Tellowship Vrogram The program will consist of fourteen fellowships of $3000each to be awarded to seniors during the academic year 1966-67, which coincides with the fortiethanniversary of the Book-of-the-Month Club. For complete details, see a member of your EnglishDepartment or write to: DR. DONALD SEARS, DIRECTOR BOOK-OF-THE-MONTH CLUB WRITINGFELLOWSHIP PROGRAM c/o COLLEGE ENGLISH ASSOCIATION HOWARD UNIVERSITYWASHINGTON, D.C. 20001 Dr R. A. Workman-Dr. A lt; H. Stone OPTOMETRISTS Haskell Building1519 Cornwall Avenue Phone 734-2870 Bellingham, Washington Brownrigg Building 209 Main StreetPhone 384-1463 Ferndale, Washington | HELD OVER I'T'T'UIHH Blue 7:30 11:30—Co-Hit 9:45 • M• J T K T T 1 T M— 5 ACADEMY AWARD NOMINATIONS Including Best Actress and SupportingActress Also Cliff Robertson in "OPERATION MASQUERADE" |i COMING SUNDAY — TWOTHRILLERS moris Karloff COLOR Bary Sullivan DIE MONSTER DIE PLANET of the VAMPIRES AMINSTREL SHOW . . . OK for a good laugh and a strong stomach. Way out ministrel band play JimCrow to Go Go By BRUCE DELBRIDGE Collegian Managing Editor The planned shock treatmentawaiting Western students in the production of "Civil Rights ih a Cracker Barrel" promises to leavethem well entertained but disgusted Thursday night. Subtitled "Jim Crow a Go Go," the play treats thespectrum of racial issues in the setting of an old-time minstrel show. Corny jokes, slap- When yoiican't afford to be dull, sharpen your wits with Moboz, "TM flqboz Keep Alert Tablets, fight off the hazy,lazy feelings of mental sluggishness. NoDoz helps restore your natural mental vitality;..helps quickenphysical reactions. .You become more naturally alert to people end-conditions around yoii. YetNODOZ is as safe as coffee. Anytime -.. .when you can't afford to be dull, Sharpen your wits withNODOZ. "- SAFE AS COFFEE stick humor and grease paint negroes start the program rolling intoincreasingly tender subjects. The San Francisco Mime Troupe, as they call themselves, are acollection of three white and three negro artists Who cooly lampoon both bad "niggers" and "whitetrash." With the help of two banjo players and the traditional white interlocutor, the «how runs wildinto topics ranging from Darwin to the Watts riot. MELODRAMATIC MELON Attempting to dispel myths about the negro, the show sarcastically reminds the viewer through a short film that the blackman has always had a mad craving for watermellon. The movie was produced by Robert Nelson and has wonnumerous art film awards. The leading actor in the jerky picture is of course a persecuted watermelon, symbolizing the negro. Wesfernites will not find the normal, civil rights fare in the dialogue ofthepresentation. One scene, which has been criticized by some negro rights groups, portrays a minstrellabeled a "white man," another a "negro" and the other a "nigger.' The "negro" and the "white man** arearguing between themselves, each claiming that the other should enter the public restroom first. The"nigger" pushes both out of the way and when the "negro" remonstrates him for his discourtesy to their"white brother," the "nigger" says, "I don't know who I hate worse, you white man or you blackman forlicking his boots." Many of the episodes use vulgar language, but it is overshadowed by the reality of the situations and the bitter truths that are revealed in the same process. In the course of revealing sorerecial spots the actors fail to reveal themselves until the end of the show, thanks to the black greasepaint and bushy wigs. As the show climaxes, the six show, their true colors by taking off their gloves.The color of the hands tell.the Whole story, but the action manner, perhaps indicating that the •storyof civil rights never ends. AL'S EASTSIDE SAVEWELL OPEN'TILL MIDNIGHT DAILY Go Down IndianTo Maple, Turn Right Just A Few Blocks And You're There "HELP STAMP OUT BRONTOSAURUS" ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 1 ---------- Your Guide to Some Jobs That Need Doing—In Ask, Africa, Latin America - SEE PAGE 6 BUSINESSAS USUAL —Lynda Wilson, Brewster, Wash. (Univ. of Washington) returned to work as readinginstructor at a leprosarium near Santo Domingo after last year's coup in the Dominican Republic. Atheight of fighting she worked as hospital orderly along with many other Peace Corpsmen. Volunteers were recognized and given safe passage by both sides during the fighting. THE INDIVIDUAL Iconoclasts:Trees Do Not A Forest Create In an era of the non-university, the Peace Corps has the non-volunteer.The "image" Volunteer seems to exist only in the mind f the public; Peace Corpsmen find suchconsensus misleading if not lythological. What a Volunteer does and what overseas experience oes tohim are widely varying and completely individual matters, t is impossible to say "this is what it's like." Atbest, a description f the Peace Corps Forest comes from a collection of viewpoints rom the individualVolunteer Trees: WHATS ON THE INSIDE 'RAINING: The making of a Volunteer— the target isrelevancy. See Page 3 /HERE THE ACTION IS: Maps pinpoint Peace Corps projects abroad. Page 7 966 TRAINING PROGRAMS: A directory of Overseas, openings in 46 nations. Page 6 RADITION:'They Laughed When We Sat Down at the World to Play' Page 2 /HAT'S IT LIKE?: Volunteers describesome of the problems they face in Africa, Far East and Latin American assignments. Pages 4, 5MPACT: Can Peace Corps effectiveness be measured? Some scientists have tried. Page 3DUCATION: The Peace Corps tries to melt a Freudian ice cap. Page 2 "I claim we joined the PeaceCorps because it represented a new form of action . . . a belief in the dignity and worth of individualhuman beings against all that would oppress them; a faith that the right decisions are those that peoplemake for themselves; that only the people can identify the problems that are basic for them, and that the only lasting solutions are those that people work out for themselves." —George Johnson, Princeton,1959, Tanzania "It's my world and I am responsible for it and therefore I wanted to become involved— Not just to sit behind a desk in the states, make money and go skiing on weekends." —Bill Cull,University of California at Berkeley, 1963, Malaysia "I'm sure that my goals — those first thoughts — have changed at least fifty times. I say changed, but I mean shifted, or grown, or 'matured' . . .modified by realism overcoming idealism. Experience, adaptation, and realization hammer awayhigh flown ideals and occasionally shatter them. It becomes a feat to concentrate on existing. But ideals really don't get lost . . . they turn up when an awfully bad kid finally shapes up or an insolent teenagegirl hugs you and says 'thanks.' If I'm still here next year, it will be because there is a challenge, areason." —Carol Fineran, Southeastern College, 1964, Venezuela "I live in a picturesque bamboomat house I built myself. I buy my water from a picturesque boy Turn to Page 5 PEACE CORPSWORLD: 1966 FIFTH BIRTHDA Y Brash Idea for Waging Peace Comes of Age Derided in its infancy asa futile attempt at international goodwill, the Peace Corps observes its fifth birthday this spring as anestablished force for world change that has succeeded beyond the dreams of many of its supporters.Testimonials to the increasing potency of its globe-circling operations come in a variety of ways,among them: • Once ridiculed by detractors as "Kennedy's Kiddie Corps," the brash youngorganization has become the most widely copied organization of its kind in the world. Thirty nationsin Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa have created international or national voluntary serviceagencies modeled after the Peace Corps. • About 10,200 Volunteers are now at work in 46 emergingnations, and the demand for them has long exceeded the supply. As a result, the requests of morethan 20 nations for Volunteers have had to be turned down. Another measure of its effectiveness isthat the Peace Corps, which struggled; in its early years to prove that Americans could live abroadwithout supermarkets, is now talking about nation-building. Nation-Building in Africa This concept isseen most readily in Africa, where in six nations more than one-half of all high-school teachers withcollege degrees are Peace Corps Volunteers. In Nigeria one out of three students — or more than50,000 a year — are taught by Volunteers. In Malawi the work of fewer than 200 Volunteer teachers has enabled the government to triple secondary school enrollment from 2,500 to 7,600. In Latin America,Volunteers are bringing a significant number of people into a real relationship with their own governments for the first time. A Peace Corps educational television project in Colombia is making a deepimpact on remote areas and, in the process, revolutionizing that nation's public education system. InChile, a credit union movement 57 VARIETIES OF LANGUAGE —A French instructor at Putney, Vt.gives Guinea-bound trainee a critique during lab session. Peace Corps is now the country's biggestconsumer of foreign language materials. Some 10,000 trainees received up to 300 hours each ofinstruction during past year in one or more of 57 languages, some of which have not yet been formalizedin text books. spurred by Volunteer efforts is, according to one observer, "blooming like wildflowers."Moderate interest loans are now available for the first time in many areas there. Peace Corps healthprograms are making life longer and more enjoyable for large numbers of peoples in the developingworld. While nurses and public health workers have been attracted to Peace Corps service from thebeginning, doctors have always been in short supply. Doctors' Project A breakthrough came in thesummer of 1965, when 17 doctors were trained as a group in North Carolina and assigned, to postsin seven nations of Asia and Africa. It was the largest group of Volunteer doctors ever trained togetherfor service overseas. The Peace Corps, in an unprecedented move, allowed them to take along theirdependents. Ultimately, Peace Corps Director Sargent Shriver says, the agency's overseas medical program should include "at least 500 doctors." But as the Peace Corps enters its sixth year, itappears that the agency may have its most important effects on the United States itself — effectstransmitted through the returned Volunteer. 6,000 Returned Volunteers In a letter to a friend, a formerPeace Corpsman once wrote: "The thing about the Peace Corps is that it doesn't end for you after twoyears." In expressing a desire for continued service and involvement, this Volunteer was speaking formost returned Peace Corpsmen. As of January 1, 1966, more than 18,000 persons had received PeaceCorps training and more than 6,000 had succesfully completed two years of service as Volunteers. It isestimated that this number will reach 50,000 by 1970 and 200,000 by 1980. Already the effect ofreturned Volunteers is being felt in the nation's War on Poverty. More than 100 of them currently areengaged in the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity anti-poverty program. PCV Role MisunderstoodDespite the good showing, the role of the Volunteer overseas is often misunderstood. This is due in partto the fact that the role is unique, whether the Volunteer is working in community development in LatinAmerica or teaching sixth-graders in Africa. Overseas the Volunteer has loyalties both to his hostcountry and to the, United States. He is a spokesman for America and yet quite independent. Heworks on his own; Turn to Page 4 ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 2 ---------- Page 2 PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 EARLY SUPPORTER — President Johnson, seen herewelcoming Volunteers at White House ceremony, was first chairman of Peace Corps National AdvisoryCouncil (post now held by Vice President Humphrey) .With President above are, from left, Californ-iansMaureen Orth, Piedmont (UC, Berkeley), and Sam Farr, Carmel (Willamette Univ.), who serve inColombia, and Brenda Brown, Baltimore, Md. (Morgan State College). Miss Brown was a Volunteer in thePhilippines and is currently serving as a Peace Corps staff executive in Tanzania. Miss Orth helped builda school in Medellin, Colombia. Citizens named the school after her and held a fiesta in her honor. NEWDIRECTOR —Jack H. Vaughn, right, with Sargent Shriver whom he replaced as Peace Corps Director inFebruary. Vaughn, 45, organized first Peace Corps programs in Latin America in 1961, was namedAmbassador to Panama in 1964 and last year became Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-AmericanAffairs. He has taught at Universities of Michigan, and Pennsylvania and at Johns Hopkins, joined USIA in 1949 and served ten years as a foreign aid executive in Africa and South America before joining PeaceCorps. His first-hand knowledge of Latin countries began during college vacation when he worked his waythrough Mexico as a fighter, appearing in 26 pro bouts. TRADITION: 'They Laughed When We Sat Downat the World' At 2 a.m. on October 14, 1960, on the steps of the University of Michigan's Student UnionBuilding in Ann Arbor, history's lightning struck sparks that were to become visible around the world.Today an engraved plaque on a front wall of the building calls attention to the fact that at that time andplace John F. Kennedy first publicly mentioned the idea of a Peace Corps and defined its aims.Kennedy, then nearing the end of his successful candidacy for President, had just flown into Michiganfrom New York. As his motorcade made its way from the airport to Ann Arbor, it became evident that alarge crowd of students had waited up to see and hear him. The caravan was greeted at the university byan audience estimated at 10,000. Speaking extemporaneously from the steps of the Student Union,Kennedy asked: "How many of you are willing to spend 10 years in Africa or Latin America or Asiaworking for the U.S. and working for freedom? How many of you (who) are going to be doctors are willingto spend your days in Ghana? . . . On your willingness to do that, not merely to serve one or twoyears in the service, but on your willingness to contribute part of your life to this country, I think, willdepend the answer whether we as a free society can compete." Impetus for the formation of a JFKPLAQUE AT MICHIGAN Lightning Sparks at 2 a.m. national, secular organization of volunteers devotedto overseas service came from several quarters. Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, then a senator from Minnesota, had given the idea an early boost by submitting a Peace Corps bill in the summer of1960. But it was not until a speech in San Francisco during the waning days of the presidentialcampaign — November 2, 1960 — that John F. Kennedy sounded the note that reverberated throughthe American mind. Kennedy's campaign pledge to send "the best Americans we can get to speak forour country abroad" caused an instantaneous stir across the nation. Mail cascaded into Washington.One of the first things the new President Kennedy did after taking office was to direct his brother-in-lawSargent Shriver to determine whether foreign governments were interested in receiving Volunteers.Organizational work went ahead quickly after reports came back from Asia and Africa that Volunteers, in surprisingly large numbers, would be welcome. The Peace Corps was established by Executive Order on March 1, 1961. The idea was not without its critics. As one agency executive puts it, "They laughedwhen we sat down at the world to play . . ." And like the famed advertising slogan about the man whosurprised one and all with his new-found talent at the piano, some of the Peace Corps' most vocal critics became avid boosters. Final legislation providing for a permanent organization was signed by President Kennedy on September 22, 1961. The legislation appropriated $32 million to run the agency in its firstfull fiscal year—July 1, 1961, through June 30, 1962 (the budget is now $115 million). At the same timeCongress added to the basic Peace Corps Act these three goals: 1. To help the people of developingnations meet their needs for trained manpower. 2. To help promote a better understanding of otherpeoples on the part of the American people. 3. To help promote a better understanding of theAmerican people on the part of the peoples served. In mid-1961 Lyndon B. Johnson, then VicePresident, was named the first chairman of the Peace Corps National Advisory Council, which is madeup of outstanding Americans who meet twice a year to review Peace Corps programs and policies. Heheld the post until January 26, 1965, when he named Vice President Humphrey as his successor onthe council, assuring continued Administration support of the Peace Corps. On August 30, 1961, thefirst group of Volunteers to go abroad arrived in Ghana. At the end of VICE PRESIDENT HUMPHREYSubmitted First PC Bill 1961 there were 614 Volunteers in 13 countries. In some nations, the arrivingVolunteers were greeted with shouts of "Go home, Yankees." Such taunts usually have been replaced by the request, "Send us some more Peace Corps Volunteers." In nations long cynical about themotives of the great world powers, the Peace Corps approach was refreshing. By June 1962, more than 1,000 Volunteers were at work in 15 countries, and nearly 3,000 were in training. Agreements forVolunteers had been reached with 37 countries. By June 30, 1963, there were about 4,000 Volunteersoverseas more than 40 countries, with another 2,000 in training. A year later more than 6,000 were atwork overseas and another 4,000 were in training. In three years the Peace Corps had evolved from apromising idea to a considerable force for assistance and incentive in 44 developing countries. Insome nations the Peace Corps has been responsible for the very changes that now require it to expand even further. In others, natural evolution has enlarged Peace Corps responsibilities. The Corps now hasmore than 12,000 Volunteers. To meet its growing responsibilities, it hopes to have abouf 15,000 by theend of the year. The waiting list of nations requesting Volunteers now exceeds 20. EDUCATION: Howto Melt Freud's lee Cap What we found wrong with a Tot of early Peace Corps training, based on reportsfrom returned Volunteers, was that it contained "too many lectures, too much one-way instruction andtoo little direct experience." That statement by Harris Wof-ford, Peace Corps Associate Director forPlanning, Evaluation and Research, marks the main thrust of a new Education Task Force. Its purpose:to make Peace Corps training more like the overseas reality and less like a mere extension ofclassroom education. "Freedom and responsibility are what Volunteers generally find overseas," notes Wofford, who heads the Task Force. "But for some of the most unstructured jobs in the world we haveput together some of the most structured training programs." He says Freud's description of child-rearing has applied to much of Peace Corps training: lt;"We, train them for the trppjgsjifndjfsendiithem to thepolar ice, cpw" 5i.^, oz anoit The Education/T^k Ifor^e is,,/^ signing new 1966 .Dr^grarns, jt^i( willconcentrate on starting processes of learning that will continue overseas, instead of trying to cramfacts into Volunteers' heads during stateside classroom sessions. The Task Force has recommendedthat even more of the training take place outside the college campus, in radically unfamiliar environments: slums or rural areas or Job Corps camps, or in other cultures such as Puerto Rico, or in the foreigncountries themselves. Many ingredients of these programs have already been successfullydemonstrated: • at the Peace Corps' own training centers in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands;Junior Year Program Enlarged for '66 The Peace Corps is expanding its training program for collegejuniors. Jules Pagano, Peace Corps training operations director, has announced that 1,000 juniors willbegin the Advance Training Program this summer. The program enables future Volunteers to integrate Peace Corps training and their senior year of college, with benefits on both sides. "It gives us 15months to prepare the Volunteer for his assignment instead of the normal three," Pagano _r The ATPwas begun in the summer of 1964, when 200 college juniors entered training for assignments thatbegan in September 1965. They trained the first summer at United States universities, continued theirpreparation independently during their senior year of school and completed training in special fieldprograms the summer of 1965. The Peace Corps has a loan fund for ATP enrollees to help cover the loss of income otherwise gained from summer employment. Trainees may borrow up to $600 at low interestrates to pay expenses during their final year in school. ATP was developed as a solution to theincreasing difficulty of preparing Volunteers for certain assignments. Some Peace CorpsVolunteers must learn two languages to handle their work effectively, such as teachers bound forFrench-speaking Africa where various African languages are spoken as well as the official French.Some ATP enrollees trained for West Africa at Dartmouth College in the summer of 1964. The nextsummer they trained in Quebec Province, Canada, where they lived with French-speaking families andpractice-taught French-speaking students. Juniors qualified to enter ATP next summer will train forassignments in 16 countries. • in an experimental program at St. John's College at Annapoliswhere the seminar was the main form of instruction and field experience was provided through sixweeks on kibbutzim in Israel; • in a program at the University of Wisconsin largely designed and runby former Volunteers from India. The Peace Corps' new Advance Training program is a special area forinnovation. (See story at left.) Another idea promoted by the Task Force is that of accreditation of Peace Corps service as part of a university education. Five-year B. A. programs, which include two years ofPeace Corps service, have been instituted at the University of Western Michigan and Franconia (N. H.)College. Credit towards a master's degree in education is being given by Michigan State University toVolunteers who teach in Nigeria, and the University of Missouri will give credit towards a master'sdegree in community development for Volunteers in Peru. ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 3 ---------- PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 Page 3 MAKING OF A PCV Field Experience Supplements ClassroomTraining Joining the Peace Corps today can be both easier and harder than ever before, but it's definitely quicker. The key to the continuing high quality of Peace Corps Volunteers (PCVs) isiljhe selectionprocess where a staff headed by the psychologist who helped choose the first U. S. Astronautsweighs the background and indicated abilities of each applicant against the list of available assignments. It's a little easier to become a Volunteer today simply because there are many more jobs available.This year the Peace Corps will attempt to fill the largest batch of requests ever — 7,000 Volunteers to work in nearly 300 job categories in 46 host countries. On the other hand it's also more difficult to jointoday's Peace Corps because the selection process gives greater recognition to job competence,requiring more sophistication in some categories and placing more emphasis on finding exactly the rightperson for a specific assignment. Faster Acceptance The selection system has been constantly re-examined and refined in the five years since applicant 001 filled out his Questionnaire. After if ting morethan 160,000 applications, the selectors have a fair idea of what makes a potentially good PCV, andtoday the typical applicant can expect to know within six weeks from the time the Peace Corpsreceives his application whether he will be invited to serve. If a Peace Corps applicant makes it throughthe preliminary selection process, he is invited to a 13- week training program at one of more than 100 American universities or colleges where his special Peace Corps curriculum will include: • Languagetraining — total "immersion" in an intensive program of up to 300 hours that leads to earlyconversational ability. Previous knowledge of the language is not a requirement. • Technical studies— skills needed for the type of work he will perform. • Area studies — background in the culturein which he will work. • American studies — refresher courses in U. S. history, geography,institutions. • World affairs — background in current events. • Health — training in which theVolunteer learns to protect himself and also acquires educational techniques to improve healthconditions in the host country. Volunteers whose assignments overseas call for strenuous physicalconditioning are given additional training for outdoor living which may include hiking, rock-climbing,swimming and map reading. Proficiency in these activities, however, is not required. While suchtraining was recommended for future community development workers in the mountains of Chile, forexample, it would not necessarily be required for someone planning to teach English in an urbansetting. Rated By Peers The selection process continues throughout training. Each trainee receives athorough medical checkup, a psychiatric screening and a full background investigation. He is judgedby each of his instructors and rated by his peers. On the basis of all available information, the overallsuitability of each trainee is continually evaluated during training and at the end of the training period.About three out of four trainees are sworn in as Peace Corps Volunteers. "In the beginning, training was preparation for Peace Corps service; now it is a part of Peace Corps service," says Jules Pagano, acting director of the Division of University Relations and Training. "Learned Through Experience" "We usedto try to cram people with as much information as possible, plus all the language and physical training we could manage, and hope the .exposure would prepare them for their service overseas. We learnedthrough experience that this was not enough. The transition between preparation and actual doing was not adequate — sometimes not even relevant. "As a result, we have tried to integrate all thecomponents of the training program into real-life experiences in the field, based on the needs ofspecific projects and countries," Pagano explained. "The training period has been expanded to 13weeks with at least three FIELD WORK —Physical conditioning is only one aspect of Peace Corpstraining. While candidates such as these who are bound for mountain country may leaven their classroom sessions with a four-day hike, others destined for urban teaching and community developmentassignments may train in New York or Puerto Rico slums or teaching on an Indian reservation. of thoseweeks devoted to actual field assignments such as working in the slums of New York or Puerto Rico,practice teaching on Indian reservations or doing community development in the Virgin Islands."Another change in the training program is greater concern with the total learning process, he said. "Weare trying to make everything in the program relevant to the Peace Corps experience," he pointed out."Training is now more generally educational, rather than just: 'how to.' More attention is being paid toattitudes and sensitivities in preparing trainees for their cross-cultural experiences." As the trainingprograms become less academic, colleges and universities are cooperating enthusiastically inproviding the kind of preparation the Peace Corps needs, Pagano said. "To do this we are using off-campus facilities related to expected country experience." Dartmouth training programs for French-speaking Africa, for example, now go on to Quebec for practical field experience." (See story onJunior Year Program, page 2.) As might be expected, this transition in training procedures also hasjumped the cost of Peace Corps training from $2,400 per Volunteer to $2,700, Pagano said, but hebelieves the results will be* worth it. IMPACT: Can You Measure PC Effect? Does the Peace Corpshave a measurable effect on a country? The first attempt at answering that difficult question has beenmade by a team of anthropologists from Cornell University who have just turned in the first scientificstudy of the impact of Volunteers assigned to communities in the Peruvian Andes. The results of thisscientific study fill a 329rpage report which details two years of on-the-spot research in 15 communitieswhere Volunteers were active in community development work, using as a control five other villageswhere no Volunteers had been assigned. General conclusion of the study: Peace Corpsmen do make adiffer- 5nce. Among the findings is that Peace Corps communities progressed at a rate some 2.8 timesfaster than those communities without Volunteers. Peace Corps Director Sargent Shriver views thereport as being of "great practical and historical significance." 'For the first time we have objective,scientific validation of the successes Volunteers are registering in the field of community development. It is hard, demanding work in isolated areas under sometimes difficult and frustrating conditions, butthe report shows that the Volunteers have been successful even beyond our initial hopes." Self-HelpProgram He said that about one third of all Volunteers and more than half of the 4,000 now in LatinAmerica, are engaged in community development work, i.e., teaching democracy on a communitylevel, encouraging people to work together to solve their own problems. The subjects were 50 PeaceCorpsmen, the first Volunteers in the Andes. They operated in communities located in spectacularmountain country at extreme altitudes (some as high as 13,000 feet), inhabited by the Indian descend- Y0UNG ARTISANS —At Pisac in Peruvian Andes, Volunteer Molly Heit of Southern Pines, N. C.(Purdue) teaches children to sew their ideas into tapestries which can be sold to tourists who passthrough village enroute to nearby Inca ruins. Pisac is one of 15 villages in Peru studied by CornellUniversity anthropologists in first scientific research on the impact of the Peace Corps on developingnations. ants of the Inca civilization, interspersed in the larger towns and cities by mestizos, Peruvians of mixed Spanish and Indian blood. Dr. Henry F. Dobyns, one of the Cornell research team leaders,describing the report's findings, said that in the field of community development "results are normally computed over the course of decades . . . these Volunteers produced measurable results in twoyears. Some would consider this progress incredible." Tales of Two Villages The study, however, is ahuman as well as a scientific document, and it reports candidly on the Peace Corps' failures as well asits successes. The authors (Dr. Dobyns, Dr. Allan R. Holmberg, chairman of the Cornell anthropologydepartment and Dr. Paul L. Doughty, now on the Indiana University faculty) tell the story of how PeaceCorpsmen were expelled from the village of Vicos by a vote of its Indian inhabitants, and how some ofthe Volunteers were then specifically asked to return to the village. Also related is the story of thecommunity of Chijnaya where one Volunteer successfully transplanted an entire Indian community whose homes had been lost to floods. Peace Corps Institutes Changes Research such as the Cornell/ Perureport is not an exercise in vanity as far as the Peace Corps is concerned. Frank Mankiewicz, LatinAmerican regional director of the Corps, said the Cornell team's observations and recommendationsresulted in immediate changes in the Peace Corps' operations in Latin America even before their finalreport was completed. Preliminary reports led to a marked increase in language training, improved relations between the Volunteers and Peruvian institutions with which they worked, andmodifications of the Peace Corps' training and overseas operations. Community DevelopmentPioneers Mankiewicz, who describes the study as a "landmark" in community development research,points out that the 50 Volunteers who were the principal subjects of the study were among the firstPeace Corps community development workers. "They operated almost without precedent or textbookin a difficult culture among people to whom even Spanish was an acquired language. "That they did so well is remarkable; but, as importantly, we have been able to benefit from their mistakes."Mankiewicz said he believes one of the most important contributions Peace Corps Volunteers such asthe Peruvian group make is their role as "witnesses to the condition of the poor among whom they live,prompting the community at large to pay attention to the needs of the poor." Among numerous otherconclusions of the Cornell report: • Volunteers form one of the most effective channels for U.S.assistance. • Volunteers are most successful when they work effectively with both local community action organizations or other institutions, such as AID, involved in technical assistance. •Volunteers contribute significantly to basic long-term socio-economic development, in the PeruvianAndes, cfeatirig' and''Strengthening organizations so that thW can continue to sbrVe' .Ideal' problemseven after tfiS,las{',VSlunteefr has departed. ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 4 ---------- Page 4 PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 TEACHING AND HEALING IN THE FAR EAST ACTING IT OUT—Boy: "Here is the blue pen." Girl: "Please." Ron: "No, it's 'thank you.' Let's try it again." And again.And again. Ron teaches 40 English classes a week. ' When you Learn to Laugh at the Same ThL Sabah, Malaysia Sabah lies some 700 miles southeast of Saigon, on the other side of the South China sea. An island state in Malaysia, it occupies 29,000 square miles of northern Borneo. Half a million indigenouspeoples called Muruts, Dusuns, Bruneis, Bajaus and Kedayans live there, as do 100,000 Chinese whoform the bulk of the commercial community. Western civilization, blown ashore by the winds of theBritish Empire a century ago, maintains a foothold on the coast. Only recently has the interior —protected by mountainous jungle, leeches, more than 400 species of snake, wild pigs, monkeys, birds and butterflies — begun to buckle under the bulldozers and books of the 20th century. Sabah is alsothe home of 100 Peace Corps Volunteers, among them Ron Kuhl, a graduate of the University of WestVirginia, and Beth Halkola, who received a B.S. in nursing from Michigan State University. Ron is ateacher; Beth is a nurse. Both work in the interior sealed off from the coast by the dense jungle of theCrocker Mountains. Their post, Tam-bunan, is a town of 1,000 people. Some 10,000 people farm thesurrounding countryside, where the careful geometry of the wet rice paddy is dominant. That their work is both difficult and serious have taught Ron and Beth not to take themselves seriously. "You discover what you need anywhere is to be.content," Beth said. "It takes time, but you learn to communicate.When you learn to laugh at the same things as the people here . . . then you are home." THINK TALK—"I try to get my pupils to think independently." OFF HOURS — Ron spends much of his free timestudying Malay and testing it in conversation at the local Kedai (general store) over a glass of thickcoffee. He also goes fishing, does his own laundry. AFTERNOONS bag and take faces are malarilELUSIVE DEFINITION IN LATIN AMERICA Community De ve/opmerit: Its Name May Be Mud By William Krohley Recife, Brazil Sooner or later someone is certain to puzzle out a formal definition of urbancommunity development. Out of his garret and into the sun he'll come bandying his sheet of convolutedprose only to be greeted with a recent erasure in Webster's New Collegiate. Exactly what he'll find where urban community development once stood is hard to say — perhaps something like "better burgbreeding" or "coached community commotion" or any one of a thousand possible locutions whichwould shed an aura of respectability on an undertaking whose very nature suggests a lurking, sleight-of-hand presence. In short, to define a phrase which expresses the workings of an idea in the hands ofhundreds or perhaps thousands of people is to ignore one of its most salient features —mysterious happenings — and commit it to an orthodox fate. Brasilia Teimosa is a barrio of Recife inthe northeast of Brazil with a population of about 10,000. William Krohley, i Huntings-ton Station; NiY.,ureceived a' B. A. in philosophyi from the University of Rochester in •June,. 1964. One of itsperennial problems is the ruin of its roads during the four-month rainy season. During this period fromMay to August the rain becomes a way of life, often falling continuously for several days. Fishingbecomes sporadic, and all but indoor workers are forced to sit and do little but watch the steadydownpour turn the sand and dirt roads into rivers of mud which settle in low spots and are churned into black muck by traffic. Jim Lail (Lexington, Ky.) and I talked with many of the local citizens about theroads and found a real desire to get something done. Several informal meetings were held to discuss the problem, and it was decided to see what a group of residents could do working in conjunction with the city government. The people were willing to perform necessary labor if the government would supply theequipment needed. The planning took about six weeks, and what started as a small group of 10 menturned into a nebulous affair involving suddenly revived organizations dedicated to desenvolviment dasruas (street development), an unlimited supply of idea men, well-wishers, and skeptics, and theprompt attention of an incumbent councilman running for re-election who arrived with trucks and workcrews and began spreading sand with a flourish. This latter measure worked well on the less-travelledstreets where the sand wasn't pushed out of the holes and off the street by traffic, but the more widelyused streets and intersections remained impassable. The situation worsened daily as the familiesliving on these streets shovelled away the few remaining high spots to build dams to keep mud out oftheir homes. Somehow the mud had to be drained and the particular stretch of road leveled and thencovered with a packed layer of sand. We worked with some of the families concerned and suggestedthat they petition the city for a small bulldozer which could work in the narrow streets. The city didn'thave one. There were, of course, a number of firms in the city which sold just the machine needed.Money was no object; there wasn't any. So maybe we could borrow a bulldozer and advertise somecompany's product. We thought it was a good idea. Most of the firms didn't. After a series ofconversations with incredulous salesmen which usually ended in helpful directions to the offices ofnearby competitors, we finally got a machine and a driver who would come out to Brasilia on the firstrainless Sunday. The men lived on the job site, so getting them together was no problem. But italways rained on Sunday. One Sunday in mid-June, however, Brasilia Teimosa reposed under clearskies; it was not raining. It was urban community development time. First: drain the mud before thearrival of the bulldozer. There was one family which had a front yard large enough to dig a drainage pit in. The dona da casa (woman of the house) thought it would be all right. The hole was dug along with atrench to the mud; the trench was opened and the mud began to flow. Enter don da casa: "What is going on here?" It was obvious. His yard was being filled with black mud. He had been away, out of touch;and thus the logic of urban-community development was a complete mystery to him. The ensuingconfusion ended the moment the mud ceased to flow; what can one say to a yardful of mud? Theproject proceeded and was eventually completed as the dozer came to level the road, and thecouncilman came to dump two truckloads of sand for the workers to spread and tamp. The drained muddried in the sun and was covered with sand and urban community development gained anotheradherent. Sunday came to a close. The workers congratulated themselves on a job well done, thecouncilman busily shook hands, and the Peace Corps Volunteers went for a beer. The followingSunday, we would tackle the next stretch of road, rain permitting. It didn't. Continued from Page 1 and if the Peace Corps is to suJ ceed, then he must succeed. In el feet, he is a one-man foreign police anAmerican speaking for himsel} No "Ideological Guidelines" As Peace Corps Deputy Directc Warren W.Wiggins says, "We not furnish ideological guidelines fc Volunteers. The Volunteer is American citizenwhom we trail] place and supply." The Volunteer overseas may hell build a bridge, teach school or o\ganize a cooperative, importar tasks in a developing nation. Bil such work is not the fundament^ reasonwhy a Volunteer is ser abroad. People in the developing worl| are pushed down by malnutritior poverty,illiteracy and an inabilit| to take part in the management their own affairs. They need hop^ and that iswhat the Volunteer trained to provide. He does it bl imparting the knowledge, skills, aj titudes and valuesthat combine t\ create ability and desire to soh problems. ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 5 ---------- PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 Page 5^ MORNINGS —"Sometimes there are 80 mothers squattingpatiently in the sun under parchment parasols." Beth covers eight clinics in villages surroundingTambunan. She travels by Land Rover where roads permit; often they don't, and she must walk.SUNDAY AFTERNOON — "We often take walks on Sundays. We compare notes . . . let off steam.Speak American." he visits. I pack my medicines into a shoulder rice paddies." The predominantdiseases Beth gt;, pneumonia and intestinal parasites. HOME —Like Ron, Beth was assigned aclean, modern government house. Tropical sun makes naps during noonday heat imperative. AFRICANPROBLEM: THE GENERALIST Undefined Person Meets An Undefined Project By Louis RapoportMasingbe, Sierra Leone During my childhood, the thought occurred to me that I didn't know how to doanything. But somehow, my shoelaces always got tied, my bed got made, and I survived in thispractical world. Then I went to the university, where I took subjects like Scandinavian literature, history of historians, modern Slavic literature, and philosophy of literature. When I joined the Peace Corps, Iwas classified as a "generalist." As a man who could do absolutely nothing of a practical nature, I wasslightly amazed when I met my fellow trainees for the Peace Corps "R.C.A." program in Sierra Leone(I honestly thought that I would be working with computers or television sets before I learned the initials meant "rural community action")— carpenters, masons, geologists, an architect—people you readabout in books, unreal people, people who can (shudder) do things. I tried to fake my way by dropping words like "hammer," "cement," and "wrench." But somehow, my clever plan failed, and I feared andtrembled on Selection Eve. But I look like I'm a very sincere Friend Louis Rapoport, Beverly Hills, Calif.,attended the Los Angeles and Berkeley campuses of the University of California, became a Volunteer in1964. of Man, and it's hard to get selected out of the Peace Corps if you're sincere. In Sierra Leone, Iwas given a road project in Bombali district. I Kriolized (after Krio, the English-derived lingua franca of the country) my technical words—amma, c'ment, 'spana—dropped them expertly and waited forcheers and applause from my workers. Meanwhile, I read something called, "How to Build a Bridge,"and I built one (I'm still laughing). When a new Peace Corps program was proposed—chiefdomdevelopment instead of specific construction projects—I was asked to begin a pilot program for theNorthern Province. The director of the CARE-Peace Corps rural develop- THE INDIVIDUAL: Talk Fromthe Trees Continued from Page 1 with a burro loaded down with water cans. I read and write under akerosene lantern, sleep on a cot and cook on a camp stove. But there comes the day when all thissuddenly becomes furiously frustrating and you want like crazy just to get out and go home." —TomCarter, Portland State College, Peru "This is the hardest thing I've ever done. Absolutely nothing isfamiliar and I often feel totally alone — the physical difficulties actually help, as they take my mind off myself and the feeling of suddenly being cut off from the rest of the world. You cannot imagine the gulfbetween East and West, and it makes me laugh now to think that I expected to bridge it with a smileand a handshake." —Patricia MacDermott, Manhattan-ville, Philippines "Our original excitement andenthusiasm have been somewhat tempered by a year here. We have come to realize that changecomes so slowly that progress, if it comes at all, seems imperceptible. The eagerness is replaced bycolder ways of looking at the world, and the youthful vigor and idealism become hardened with aday-to-day job. We can never again become the people we were before we came to Africa. But then,we would not want to." —Hayward Allen, University of Colorado, 1960, Ethiopia "What we need is aphilosophy — not of high adventure a la Conrad or St. Exupery — but of dullness; a philosophy whichwill satisfy our craving for accomplishment and a certain nobility while we are faced with tedium, fatigueand the desire to sit down and dream." —John Hatch, Queens College, Ivory Coast ment programpatted me on the back (after feeding me) and told, me to go out and develop a chiefdom. It's easy tosee why I was chosen for this mission: no one really knows what community development entails, and who is better qualified for an undefined project than an undefined person? I packed my bags andmoved to Masingbe, a town of about 2300 people and headquarters of Kunike Chiefdom. Immediatelyafter my arrival, I went to the highest point in the town to survey my new home: the huts of mud, wattle,and burlap; the fragrance of lilac, frangi-pani, and purple-tassled flowers filling the heavy air — ah,sweet life. While I was gone my house was robbed. In the weeks that followed I worked hard, droppingnew words such as "co-operative," "social center," "adult education," "dispensary," and so on. I evenpretended to know the Temne equivalents: kaw opaneh, nseth na kawol, karan ka na baki, nseth nim atid . . . The number of projects I have going is ridiculous, and I would have to be a Renaissance Man tohandle them all. But I have bluffed my way; and my ingenious word-- dropping scheme has convinced at"We are the sons and daughters of ieast some people that I am pos- America. But we are also sonsand•,, /sessed ot\ virtue, that I am a true daughters of 1,000 towns and vil^ i^generalist" (that is to say,generally lages around the world." M\j g 0 0 ( i \ in;\everything). And just as —Roger Landrum, AlbionCollege,)'v,my. lt;shoelaces got tied, my projects, 1959, Nigeria somehow, will be completed. "I do notwish to imply that we 'won them over'; indeed, I think they won us over in the final analysis. It's justthat the intransigence of our preconceptions of ourselves and others generally dissolved into a kind ofaffectionate confusion." —David Schickele, Swarthmore, 1958, Nigeria "This is probably the mostbeautiful place on earth . . . But after you've been here a while you find something much more beautiful than rice paddies and groves of rubber trees . . . It is a very basic joy with life that I wish I could takeback and inject into America." —David Roseborough, University of Tulsa, 1962, Malaysia ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 6 ---------- ...Page 6 PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 Directory: '66 Overseas Training Programs Following is atentative list of training programs for overseas assignments scheduled for Summer 1966. The index at the bottom of the page lists, by academic major, those programs requiring specific skill oreducational background. If your major subject is not listed in the index, refer to the sectionsdescribing the areas of the world in which you wish to work. LATIN AMERICA Community Development 101. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Depending on their backgrounds, Volunteers will work with the Office ofCommunity Development, the Dominican Co-operative Institute, the Tobacco Institute, Ministry ofAgriculture or the Forestry Institute on their respective projects for development. 102. DOMINICANREPUBLIC Volunteers will work with one of several private and governmental agencies, focusing on youth development in urban areas and slums. Volunteer nurses will teach at the Santiago School ofNursing. Vocational education specialists will work in municipally sponsored vocational educationschools. 103. COLOMBIA Volunteers will work throughout the country with trained Colombian co-workers in community development teams to assist the Colombian Ministry of Government, Division ofCommunity Action. Architects and engineers will be versed in immunity action, but will work in theirprofessional capacities. 104. PERU Working with the National Agrarian Reform and Cooperation Popular Volunteers will work with mestizo patrons to understand the campesino (rural peasant) and prepare thecampesino for entry into social and economic life. when he gets his own land. Specialists will work withCooperation Popular in pertinent self-help projects. 105. BRAZIL Volunteers will work under the SocialService Foundation in the satellite cities around Brazilia with the illiterate and unskilled peasants. Theircounterparts will be the Foundation social workers. 106. GUATEMALA Volunteers will be assigned tolargely Indian areas in rural Guatemala. They will work in such areas as agriculture, health, smallindustries, home arts and cooperatives, attempting to mold attitudes favorable to development, providingmachinery through which villagers may help themselves and imparting needed skills. 107. ELSALVADOR Volunteers will work in community development projects in rural villages, urban slums, withmobile health units throughout the country, and with credit unions. The two veterinarians will work withthe national livestock agency 108. CHILE Volunteers will work with two agencies, the Fundacion deViviendas y Asistencia Social and the Agrarian Reform Corporation in either the poblaciones (one stepabove a slum) or rural alcleas (newly formed rural colonies). 109. PERU Volunteers will work closely with governmental and private institutions claiming interest in the barriadas (urban slums resulting from massmigration to the cities), initiating and implementing effective community organizations. 110. HONDURAS Volunteers will work with a new agency, the National Institute of Community Development. They will beassigned to a rural mimicipio having anywhere from 5-30 villages and will use their special skills indeveloping both the municipality and the villages. Volunteers in urban areas will work largely with theNational Institute of Housing in low-cost housing units. Education 111. JAMAICA Volunteers will assistthe Ministries of Education, Agriculture and Development and Welfare in communities throughout thecountry. Depending on backgrounds, they will be associate members of the University of West Indiesin pre-primary schools, will work in greater and more effective utilization of educational television, willteach in youth camps, or will work to increase the number and effectiveness of co-ops. 112. BRITISHHONDURAS Volunteers will work through the Ministry of Education's Office of Social Development insecondary schools, primary teacher training and village -development. Specialists will work in theDepartment of Public Works or with the Civil Aviation Department. 113. CHILE Volunteers willwo^,'^s/i.(is-0 sistant professors and vocational educators'in their specific fields and r.wfli/takeKfcart .(foif. evening classes, study groups^wWrkshopsiamlf: cultural organizations at the .-university! to • whichthey are assigned. .,;;;: :•.':.: lt;•• 114. COLOMBIA Volunteers with science backgrounds willintroduce new methods and material in their specialty to secondary school teachers in training.Engineers will be assigned to one of four universities to upgrade engineering instruction in thedepartment. All Volunteers will be responsible to the Ministry of Education. 115. BRAZIL Volunteers willteach their specialties in one of 12 universities where they will work with assistant professors as theircounterparts. They will lecture, give seminars, assist in research and interest Brazilian students incommunity action work. 116. VENEZUELA Volunteers will teach their specialties in universities inCaracas, Merida, Valencia and at the four campuses of the University of the Oriente in easternVenezuela. 117. ECUADOR Volunteers will teach their specialties in universities and normal schoolsin Ambato, Guayaquil, Loja and Quito. They, and their co-professors, will be responsible to the Ministryof Education. 118. CHILE Volunteers will teach their specialties as assistants to professors andlaobratory instructors at five universities and will become integrated into the total college scene.Technical and Industrial Education 119. VENEZUELA working with the Ministry of Education,Volunteers will teach manual and industrial arts and home economics in vocational and technicalschools and secondary schools. 120. BOLIVIA Volunteers will give technical support to the NationalCommunity Development Program, under the Ministry of Agriculture or will teach their specialty invocational schools in La Paz or Santa Cruz. 121. CHILE Volunteers will teach professional and in-service training courses for laborers, supervisors and instructors in trade schools, small factories andpolytechnic institutes throughout Chile. Several Volunteers will serve as technicians in urban slumswhere small industrial shops are planned. Rural Education/Community Development 122. BOLIVIAVolunteers will work in rural areas to upgrade education and to do community development, using theschool as the focal point for community activity. Educational Television/ Television Literacy 123.COLOMBIA Volunteers will work with the Illiteracy Section of the Ministry of Education, developingliteracy centers throughout the country, recruiting illiterates and co-workers, organizing and supervisingdaily educational television literacy programs and participating in the follow-up among participants andfeedback to the Ministry. Public and Municipal Administration 124. VENEZUELA Venezuela'sFoundation for Community Development and Municipal Improvement has been primarily concerned withurban housing projects. Volunteers, by studying, surveying and working on municipal projects in variouscities, will help them attain the diversification they desire. 125. CHILE Volunteers and ChileanSpecialists will work in teams under the newly formed Ministry of Urban Affairs in provincial citiesthroughout the country. Team members will serve as trainers and advisors to local governmental officersin all aspects of public and municipal administration. Food, Agriculture and 4-H 126. ECUADORVolunteers will work under the administration of Heifer Projects, Inc. With Ecuadorean counterparts,they will work with campesinos (rural peasants) in lower-level agriculture and community developmentprograms. Veterinarians will teach at three universities; foresters will work on the national forestrydevelopment plan; and engineers will work in rural irrigation and construction projects. 127. BOLIVIAVolunteers will work in rural Bolivia with the National Agricultural Extension Service as counterparts forextension agents in agricultural, home arts and community development programs. 128. BRAZILVolunteers will work with the National School Lunch program in primary school nutrition and relatedcommunity development activities in the states of Goias and Espirito Santo. 129. BRAZIL Under theSecretariat of Agriculture, Volunteers will work with primary school children in agricultural and othercommunity projects to help them become better farmers, home economists and citizens. They will form,reactivate or strengthen agriculture clubs in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. 130.BRAZIL Volunteers will work with three Brazilian organizations in primarily rural areas of Mato Grossoregion. Their work in agriculture and the home arts will involve them in community development work aswell. 131. EL SALVADOR Volunteers will work with local extension agents throughout the country tohelp expand and strengthen 4-H clubs. They will be responsible to the national 4-H supervisor 132.COLOMBIA Volunteers will work in rural areas under the technical direction and supervision of UnitedNations FAO and Colombian National Institute of Nutrition officials. They will be concerned with homeeconomics and agricultural extension activities. Physical Education 133. ECUADOR Working with theSports Federations in the provinces, Volunteers will work at grass roots levels to encourageconstruction of facilities, formation of sports clubs, and camps for the underprivileged, and willprobably teach physical education in the local secondary schools. They will also help get underway astrong new program of physical education at Central University in Quito. 134. URUGUAY Working underthe Uruguayan Federation of Basketball, Volunteers will work in the interior of Uruguay, usingdepartment capitals as their focal points. Each will work with 3 or 4 clubs as coaches and will attempt toexpand their club activities. They will also participate in community development activities in theirareas. 135. COLOMBIA Under the technical supervision of the American Association for Health,Physical Education and Recreation and various Colombian agencies, Volunteers will assist in theexpansion and improvement of youth programs, physical education programs, sports clubs, etc.throughout the country and will assist in the televising of educational programs in health, physicaleducation and recreation. 136. VENEZUELA Volunteers will work in elementary, secondary andteacher training institutions throughout the country, seeking INDEX Accounting —118 Advertising—118 Agricultural Economics—101, 104-106, 108, 110, 118, 127, 129-132, 142, 143, 201, 221-225,310, 312-315, 322 Agricultural Education —101, 104-106. 108, 110, 118, 127. 129-132, 142, 143, 201,203, 221-225, 310, 312-315, 322 Agricultural Engineering —101, 104-106, 108, 110, 116, 118, 126, 127, 129-132, 142, 143, 201, 203, 221-225, 310, 312-315, 322 Agriculture (see Agronomy, AnimalHusbandry," Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Education, Horticulture, Forestry, Poultry,Agricultural Engineering, Veterinary Medicine, Entomology) Agronomy—101, 104-106, 108, 110. 118,127, 129- 132, 142, 143, 201, 221-225, 310, 312-315, 322 Animal Husbandry—101, 104-106, 108, 110,118, 127, 129-132, 142, 143, 201, 221-225, 310, 312- 315, "322 Anthropology—103-112, 115, 122, 126-129, 134- 138, 140-142, 144, 201, 202, 211, 214-218, 221, 222, 224-231, 233-235, 301r303, 305, 306,308- 314, 316-322, 324, 326, 327, 401-404, 406-408 Architecture —103, 109, 110, 112, 222, 224, 325Area Regional studies—103-112, 115. 122, 126- 129, 134-138, 140-142, 144, 201. 202. 211, 214- 218,221, 222, 224-231, 233-235, 301-303, 305, 306, 308-314, 316-322, 324, 326, 327,. 401-404, 406-408Arts, Fine and Applied —102, 118, 148, 203, 213, 228, 234 Biological Sciences—111, 112, 114, 116-118, 126, 201, 203-209, 211-213, 232, 304, 305, 307, 403, 404 Business and Commerce —108, 109,111, 116, 118, 124, 141-144, 203, 204, 221, 225 Carpentry —120, 230, 231, 235 Chemical Engineering—114, 118, 326 Chemistry—111, 112, 114, 116-118, 126, 201, 203-209, 211-213, 232, 304, 305, 307,403, 404 City Management —124, 125 City Planning —110, 124, 125, 325 Civil Engineering—103,104, 110, 115, 118, 126, 222, 223, 229 Clothing and Textiles (see Home Economics) Commerce (seeBusiness and Commerce) Construction—102, 106, 113, 116, 120, 230, 231, 312 Coop Experience—111, 142, 144 Counseling and Guidance —116, 118 Oraftsmen — 223 Economics —118, 124,224, 225 Electrical Engineering —110; 112-115, 118, 146, .147;; 326 El ctrjgaf- Linemen —146ELefifjfic/ans— 102, 120, 121, 229 Electronics—113, 119, 120, 121 Elementary Education —122, 202, 204, 209, 308, 401-403 Engineering (see special type of engineering) English—116-118, 203, 205-207,212, 213, 304, 307, 404 Entomology—111, 112, 116, 118, 126. 201. 204, 206-208, 211-2.13, 232, 304,305, 307, 403, 404 Fishermen —113, 145, 232 Foods and Nutrition (see Home Economics)Forestry—101, 115, 126, 221 French —203, 206, 210, 212 Geography—118, 203, 205-207, 211-213 ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 7 ---------- PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 Page 7 x too oooooo WHERE THE ACTION IS: 12,000 Volunteers inthese skill areas are now at work in 46 African, Asian and Latin American countries AFRICA Education201. TANZANIA Volunteers will teach in secondary schools throughout the country and will help expandthe teaching of agriculture science, and shop in the country's upper primary schools. Lawyers willteach law at the university in Dar es Salaam; music teachers will work with the national band andchorus being formed. 203. SIERRA LEONE Following a Government syllabus as an instruction guide,Volunteers will teach approximately 25 hours per week in one of the following areas: math, science,geography, history, home economics, agriculture, art, English, French, music, business, libraryscience, physical education. 204. LIBERIA Volunteers will teach math, science, English, social studiesand business throughout Liberia in junior and senior high schools. 205. UGANDA Under generalauthority of the Ministry of Education and in all sections of Uganda, Volunteers will teach biology,physics, chemistry, math, English, history and geography in secondary schools. 206. NIGERIAVolunteers will teach throughout the country in secondary schools and universities under the Ministry ofEducation. 207. WEST CAMEROON Volunteers will teach English, history, geography, math andscience in church-operated and government schools throughout West Cameroon. 208. GUINEA ANDTOGO Volunteers will expand the present program of math and science instruction in secondary schoolsin the two countries. Note: This is a senior year (ATP) program open to college juniors only. 209.GHANA Under the Ministry of Education, Volunteers, will teach math, biology, physics and chemistryin primary and middle schools throughout the country. 210. FRENCH SPEAKING AFRICA (Ivory Coast,Gabon, Guinea and Togo) Volunteers will teach English as a foreign language, including grammar,composition, literature and conversation. 211. TANZANIA Volunteers will teach history, geography and math/science in secondary schools throughout the country. 212. NIGERIA Volunteers will teachEnglish, mathematics, science, geography, French, and industrial arts in secondary schoolsthroughout the country. 213. ETHIOPIA Volunteers will teach: English, social studies, and vocationalsubjects in Junior Secondary Schools; English, social stubli'es^arid math and science in SeniorSecondary Schools; and business, law and other subjects at the University Demonstration School.Health 214. NIGER Working with the Ministry of Health, Volunteers will help staff a new health center atDosso, the mobile teams attached to it, and the outlying villages. Function of the health centers is toseek and treat the ill, provide a program of health education and preventive medicine, and train medicalpersonnel. 215. SENEGAL Teams of one Volunteer, one Senegalese male nurse, and a Senegalesesanitarian will work in rural areas, to improve nutritional standards, sanitary practices, and teachhygienic methods of food growing and handling. They will be technically backstopped by UNESCO.216. TOGO In teams of three and working out of towns with hospitals, Volunteers will visit one village aday on a recurring basis to combine preventive and curative medicine, collect data, make healthinspections and teach health practices to adults and children. One nurse will teach public health at theLome Nursing School. 217. IVORY COAST Volunteers in the maternal and child health program will work in teams with an Ivoirien counterpart midwife setting up prenatal consultation, well-baby clinics andhealth and nutritional education programs. The doctor will assist in organization and technicalguidance. Other Volunteers will work in the psychiatric hospital in occupational therapy. 218. NIGERIA Volunteers will strengthen the existing programs of the four regional ministries and the Federal Ministryof Health in the fields of public health, preventive medicine and health education at the village level.219. MALAWI Volunteers will use tuberculosis as a prototype disease around which a system ofgeneral domiciliary care and effective health practices can be constructed. They will train African workersto carry on their work. 220. ETHIOPIA Nurses will organize and conduct training courses for "dressers"(health workers). Medical technologists will work with student technicians and college graduates whohave degrees in science, teaching them techniques of laboratory work. Health educators will work intwo colleges and at four teacher training schools, educating the future teachers and encouraginginclusion of health education material into all science curricula. Agriculture 221. NIGERIA Volunteerswill work in the four regions of Nigeria in comprehensive regional development programs with variousministries of the government. Northern—emphasis will be on livestock management, marketingcooperatives, small business development and community development. Eastern— rural developmentconstruction, Young Farmers clubs, surveying and cash crop organizing. Mid-West—development ofYoung Farmers clubs, schools leaver's farms, forestry, poultry and instruction in construction and ruralsociology. Western—ag instruction, Young Farmers clubs, agricultural extension and urban youth clubprograms. 222. GUINEA Volunteers will work out of regional farms to put land into production, increasecrop production and do village extension work. Others will train personnel in the national agriculturalschools and still others will work as palm oil industry agents. 223. NIGER Under the Ministry of RuralEconomy, Volunteers will work for various "services" or branches of the Ministry and the Nigerien Creditand Coop Union. Some will help establish cooperatives by furnishing credit to farmers and advising themon crops. Others will teach practical agriculture or help organize a well digging and irrigation program.Land Settlement 224. TANZANIA Volunteers will work with Village Settlement Agency of the Ministryof Land Settlement and Water Development, organizing and educating the new settlers to eventuallygovern themselves and effect development projects. 225. KENYA Working under the Ministry of Landsand Settlement, Volunteers will work as Land Settlement Officers or assistants, helping in the program of transferring a million acres of land from European to African ownership, and the development andoperation of cooperatives. Domestic Arts/ Home Improvement 226. IVORY COAST Volunteers will teach domestic arts at vocational high schools for girls in Bouake and Abidjan as requested by the Ministry ofEducation. 227. IVORY COAST Under the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Volunteers will work in IvoryCoast female adult education programs known as "Foyer Feminins" to teach Ivoirien women literacy,basic health and home arts and to broaden their horizons. They will work in both urban and rural areas.Community Development 228. ETHIOPIA Volunteers will work in the community centers of seven largeEthiopian cities. They will aid in the development of effective social welfare programs, such as healtheducation, adult literacy, recreation and handicraft instruction. Highways 229. ETHIOPIA The planning,administration, and implementation of the Imperial Highway Authority's program to develop aprofessional highway department in Ethiopia has been hampered greatly by inadequately trainedpersonnel. Volunteers will aim to improve job skills of Ethiopians in the program. Construction 230.TANZANIA Volunteers will serve as members of field units, under Development Field Offices; their aim will be to stimulate and guide self-help development through encouraging involvement of local people andtraining them in simple construction and development techniques. 231. SOMALIA Under the Ministry of Education, Volunteers will work in mobile, self-contained teams to build or refurbish one to four roomschools, using locally recruited labor and locally available material. Fisheries 232. TOGO Workingunder the Service des Peches with Togolese counterparts, Volunteers will assist in running existantinland fisheries in Central Togo and in the renovation and construction of new dams and fish ponds.Social Welfare 233. SENEGAL Volunteers working under the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs willopen and staff Social Welfare Centers and Maternal and Child Welfare Centers. They will do group-teaching of domestic arts, reading and writing, recreation, and health education, encouraging villagewomen to better their social conditions and general health. Adult/Vocational Education 234. NIGERUnder the Ministry of Education, Volunteers will travel between villages to teach adults basic literacy in native languages, French and arithmetic. An artist will help develop audio-visual aids. Those underMinistry of Health will work in social centers and rural dispensaries, teaching hygiene, sanitation, infant care, sewing, cooking and literacy. Nurses will teach theoretical and practical work to students atthe nursing school in Niamey. 235. IVORY COAST Volunteers will teach practical vocational skills atthree technical centers in rural areas. These centers develop basic skills in carpentry, masonry,mechanics and metal work so that young men with little or no formal education can meet local re-quirments for skilled laborers. NORTH AFRICA, NEAR EAST, SOUTH ASIA Education 301. TUNISIAVolunteers will teach English as a foreign language in Ministry of Education secondary schools andadult education schools (Bourguiba Institutes) throughout the country. 302. TURKEY Volunteers will be assigned to junior high, high schools and university prep schools throughout the country under theMinistry of Education. They will also start English clubs, conduct adult education courses and generallybe involved in extracurricular activities. 303. MOROCCO Volunteers will teach English in Ministry ofEducation junior high and high schools throughout the country. 304. NEPAL Volunteers will teachEnglish, math and science, home arts in middle and high schools under the-Ministry of EconomicPlanning. Several will teach at colleges and teacher training schools. 305. AFGHANISTAN Volunteerswill teach English, math and science courses, carrying full teaching loads, and will have all the normalresponsibilities given to Afghan teachers. English is a required subject in all Afghan secondaryschools. 306. IRAN Volunteers in secondary schools will work with Iranian counterparts to raise the level of English language instructions. Those with MA's in English will work in colleges and universitiestraining English teachers. 307. TURKEY Volunteers will teach English (Turkey's second language) injunior and senior high schools in eastern Turkey. They will teach between 20-30 hours during the 5'/i day school week. 308. TURKEY Volunteers will work in orphanages operated by the Ministries of Health and Education to introduce modern child care and increase community interest in the institutions. Nurseryschool teachers will be assigned to the Girls' Technical Institutes to introduce new concepts andmethods of child care and instruction. Community Development 309. NEPAL Volunteers will be assigned to Development Districts which include scy-; eral communities in a wide geographic^ area. They willassist development officers^iinij training of village leaders, ag demonstrations,, and improvedcommunications betweSrr'vif1'" lages and district officials. 310. INDIA Volunteers will work with individualprivate producers, state poultry farms and cooperative markets to improve feed and poultry production and distribution. They will also work in teaching nutrition and food preservation. 311. TURKEY Volunteerswill be mern^ bers of village mobile teams, operated by the" Turkish Ministry of Education, through theTechnical Education Directorate. These teams move from village to village on a regular basis, offeringcourses aimed at uplifting the standard of living by imparting technical skills and inducing self-helpprograms. Rural Literacy and Community Development 312. IRAN Male Volunteers will work with Iran'sLiteracy Corps, which is the country's most effective instrument in rural community development.Females will serve as teachers in provincial schools for rural and tribal girls. Spcialists will train LiteracyCorps guides or supervisors in Karaj. Food Production/Agriculture 313. NEPAL Working under theMinistry of Economic Planning and with district Agricultural Development Officers, Volunteers will helpdevelop agricultural cooperatives at village and district levels, aiming to provide credit facilities andimprove agricultural techniques and distribution. 314. INDIA Volunteers will work with Block Development Officers, the Ag Extension Officer, village level workers and village council chairmen in the newlyestablished* "composite strategy programme" designed to alleviate the food crisis through technicalassistance. 315. AFGHANISTAN Under the Ministry of Agriculture, Volunteers will work in fiveexperimental stations where they will demonstrate the proper use of fertilizers, seeding, irrigation, ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Peace Corps World, Page 8 ---------- Page 8 PEACE CORPS WORLD: 1966 Q A: About Skills, Pay, Qualifications How? Where? When?Why? Peace Corps campus recruiters answer thousands of questions about qualifications,assignments, selection, training and a thousand other facets of the programs. Here are answers to themost frequently posed questions. Q. Is the Peace Corps successful? A. The best measure of successis the fact that host countries ask us back. The response of the 46 countries where Volunteers are atwork has been overwhelming: Nearly every country has requested more Volunteers than are available.Requests by 20 other nations for Volunteers have had to be turned down for lack of Volunteers to fillthem. Q. Does a Volunteer have a choice as to where he is sent? A. Yes. He may indicatepreferences on the questionnaire. However, a person's skills and background are matched withrequirements, and he may not be offered an assignment in his first-choice country. And he, in turn, maydecline the invitation and request another more to his liking. Q. To what extent does a person commithimself when he fills out an application and takes the test? Can he change his mind? A. A person is free to change his mind at any time. Completing the application procedure indicates an interest in the Peace Corps to which the agency will respond. Q. How much do you get paid? A. Each Volunteer is providedwith an allowance large enough to permit him to live at the same level as those with whom he will work.Each Volunteer also gets a readjustment allowance of $75 per month (before taxes) which is given tohim at the end of service. Q. What are the qualifications and standards for Peace Corps service? A. Thebasic qualifications are brief: you must be an American citizen, at least 18 years old, withoutdependents under 18, and available for a two-year term of service. You need not know a language. Mostpeople, for instance, don't know Urdu, which we teach you if you're headed for West Pakistan. Thestandards are quite high. More than 150,000 people have applied for the Peace Corps and only about18,000 have been sent abroad. Q. How long after applying do you find out if you are accepted? A. Youwill be notified within six weeks if you are to be invited to join a training program. You do not actuallybecome a Peace Corps Volunteer until you have completed training. Q. What kinds of skills areneeded and what jobs are available? A. The Peace Corps has Volunteers working at some 300 jobs,including community development, teaching, accounting, recreation, public health, heavy equipmentmaintenance and agriculture. Your enthusiasm and energy are as important as your skills, however.CHANGING DIRECTIONS DIRECTORY Most Volunteers Alter Career Plans While Overseas The PeaceCorps has a "profound effect" on the career choice of Volunteers, says Robert Calvert, director ofthe organization's Career Information Service. Studies of the first 5,000 returned Volunteers show thatmore than half of them changed their vocational plans while in the Peace Corps. Two out of three ofthe Volunteers who entered the Peace Corps with no long-range vocational goals decided on one whileoverseas, according to the studies. Particularly significant, Calvert says, has been the shift towardinternational careers. Only 8% of the 5,000 Volunteers were interested in long-range careers overseaswhen they entered the Peace Corps. But almost one-third had this aim when they completed service, he says. Statistically, the activities of the 5,000 returned Volunteers are broken down this way: • 39%have continued their education. • 15% work for the Federal, state or local government. • 15%teach either in the United States or abroad. • 8% work with a social service agency (more than 100returned Volunteers are now taking part in the Office of Economic Opportunity's War on Poverty; morethan 10% of these are serving as VISTA Volunteers). • 11 % are in business and industry, either inthis country or abroad. The remaining 12% includes many who are traveling before starting theircareers. Some older returned Volunteers have retired. A number of the women surveyed have marriedand forsaken career goals for the role of housewife. A separate study of more than 2,000 returnedVolunteers indicates that nearly one-third were interested in teaching at all levels. The same studyshows that the number interested in careers in government had doubled — to 20% — since theyentered the Peace Corps. More than 6,000 persons have successfully completed service as PeaceCorps Volunteers. It is estimated that at least 50,000 will have completed service by 1970. PEACECORPS AT A GLANCE On January 1, 1966, the Peace Corps comprised more than 12,000 Volunteers.The total includes more than 10,000 working in 46 nations of Africa, Asia and Latin America and 2,000training for service overseas. • More than 100 colleges and universities are training Peace CorpsVolunteers. • The largest concentration of Volunteers is in Latin America — nearly 4,000. • 41% of all Peace Corps Volunteers are women. • There are 580 married couples serving in the Peace Corps.Since the Peace Corps began there have been 274 marriages involving Volunteers. 77 children, includingone set of twins, have been born to Peace Corps couples abroad. 97 Peace Corps Volunteers arebetween 50 and 60 years old, 100 are older than 60. 85% of all Volunteers have college degrees, and6V2% have graduate degrees. Of nearly 5,000 Volunteers to complete two years of service and return tothe U. S., 39% are continuing their education. More than 60 colleges and universities have establishedsome 300 special scholarships and fellowships for returning Volunteers. About 55% of all Volunteersabroad are working in education — primary, secondary, university, physical, adult and vocational.COACHES COMMITTEE: Football coach members of 22-man Fifth Anniversary Coaches committeehuddle with Director Sargent Shriver to plan recruiting of varsity athletes and PE majors for Volunteerprograms. They are, from left, Robert L. Blackman, Dartmouth; Earl Banks, Morgan State; Pete Elliott,Illinois; Darrell Royal, Texas; Shriver, and John Ralston, Stanford. At right is Charles Pevey, LouisianaState, representing committee member Charles McClendon of LSU. DRAFT: DEFERMENT BUT NOEXEMPTIONS Peace Corps service does not fulfill military obligations, although Volunteers aredeferred, during their term of service. While service in the Peace Corps has been determined by theSelective Service System to be in the national interest, a Volunteer must obtain a deferment from hislocal draft board just as a student does. Immediately after accepting an invitation to join the PeaceCorps, the prospective Volunteer will receive forms to send to his draft board. A Peace Corps defermentdoes not exempt a Volunteer from future draft requirements. Nor does it mean that he cannot qualify forfurther deferments after completion of service. Members of armed forces re- • serve units must, havecompleted their active duty before applying to the Peace Corps. Any remaining weekly drill orsummer camp obligations after active duty are postponed while a member of the reserve is overseas.Continued from Page 7 Family Planning 320. INDIA Volunteers will work with District Family PlanningBureaus in the state of Bihar, in mass education and organizational aspects of family planning,development of visual aides, and in-service training for family planning workers. Head Start/Youth Work 321. IRAN Volunteers will work in selected sites to make model kindergartens out of what are, for themost part, baby sitting institutions and will train selected high school graduates from the town to carryon the work or start new kindergartens. 322. TUNISIA Male Volunteers will serve as counselors andphysical education teachers at Bourguiba Villages, which are boarding school/camps for orphaned andabandoned boys. Females will serve as kindergarten teachers or will train young Tunisian girls who workin youth centers as social workers and teachers. Public Works 323. IRAN Volunteers will work with theMinistry of Development and Housing in the provinces, involved with the construction of access roads,village water systems, rural electrification programs, schools and housing. 324. NEPAL Volunteers willwork as surveyors under the Department of Roads, in planning and layout of non-vehicular districtroads. They will work with village panchayats (councils) in the planning, financing, securing of labor,etc. Architecture/City Planning 325. TUNISIA Volunteers will work with the Ministry of Public Works,designing low-cost housing, public buildings and facilities. Small Industries 326. INDIA Volunteers willwork with District Industries Officers or Directors of Industrial Estates built by the state governments to facilitate and promote the growth of small industrial enterprises. They will work with 1-3 firms for 2-3months, then move on to others. Warehousing 327. AFGHANISTAN Volunteers will work aswarehousemen in government warehouses, where they will train Afghan counterparts to establish andmaintain systems of procurement, reorder supplies, and take and maintain inventories of suppliesand equipment. Mechanics 328. AFGHANISTAN Working with the Ministries of Health and Agriculture,Volunteers will train Afghan counterparts in the maintenance of farm machinery, automobile and truckengine work. FAR EAST Education 401. THAILAND Volunteers will teach English as a foreign language in up-country secondary schools and teacher training colleges. 402. MALAYSIA Math and scienceteachers will work in high schools, junior colleges and teachers colleges on Peninsular Malaya. OtherVolunteers will work with the Sarawak Department of Education in converting medium of instruction inprimary schools to English. They will visit schools on a rotating basis to train teachers. 403.PHILIPPINES Volunteers will be assigned as co-teachers to expand the ongoing educationimprovement plan. They will work throughout the country in elementary, high schools, normal schools,universities, and vocational schools with emphasis on English, math and science. 404. KOREA The firstgroup of Volunteers for Korea has been requested to teach English, science and physical education in secondary schools throughout the country. Korea has gone through a long and difficult recovery periodsince the Korean conflict and Volunteers will help contribute toward the educational and technologicaladvance necessary for self-sufficiency. Education Radio and Television 405. THAILAND Volunteers,working through the Ministry of Education, will assist in getting English education programs on radioand television and training Thais to assume educational programming responsibilities. They will workclosely with Volunteers teaching English as a foreign language. Physical Education 406. THAILANDVolunteers will be assigned to regional General Education Development Centers. While they willhave some teaching responsibilities at secondary schools and teacher training colleges, most time willbe spent working with the physical education supervisor at the center, organizing and conducting in-service training programs for elementary and secondary teachers. Health 407. THAILAND Volunteers will work as Assistant Zone Chiefs with the Malaria Eradication Program in one of 30 zones in the country,where they will concentrate in on-the-job assistance to lower level workers and make sure that closehome checks, blood sampling and spraying are carried out. 408. MALAYSIA Volunteers will work on the First Malaysian Plan on tuberculosis control. Assigned to one of four district hospitals, they willdevelop procedures, organize mass case finding drives, plan and execute vaccination drives and follow-up cases. Technologists will teach, train and practice medical technology as related to turberculosis.Address: P h A U h CORPS, Office of Public Affairs, Washington, D. C. 20525 j Please send me aPeace Corps application. | Mr./Mrs./Miss Date j _ | I College or University j Level at present time (circle one): 1 2 3 4 Grad. Degree I Major j Major field or experience outside of school (Jobs, farm background,hobbies, etc.): I Date I could enter training: I am interested in the following programs (list by directorynumber): ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 3 ---------- FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 THE COLLEGIAN PAGE THREE Elms eradicated as progress continues ByMARY MAGNUSON Collegian Staff Reporter Four of t h e six e lm t r e e s t h a t once shaded t h esidewalk b e t w e e n the Library and the Humanities Building have b e e n reduced to squat stumps."We consider trees a valuable p a r t of t h e campus and p r o t e c t t h em as much as possible," saidH. A. Goltz, assista n t to t h e president. "We r e g r e t t e d the necessity of cutting t h e t r e e s bu t t h e r e was no a l t e r n a t i v e ." The trees were removed to make Way for campus improvementand will be replaced. "They had to be sacrificed so that a utility line and storm sewer could be put inbetween the two buildings. This will also service the new physics- math computer center, to becompleted in 1968," Goltz explained. In addition, their removal was necessary for the always-crowded-and-sometimes- submerged sidewalk. MADE INTO FIREWOOD The four elms, 30-40 feet tall, were Cut down over spring vacation by the grounds crew and will be chopped into firewood for the dormitoryfireplaces. One tree, 15 feet tall, was merely moved to a new location. Only one of the six elmsremains standing. "We realized when the addition to the library was built in 1962 that the elms wouldeventually have to gt;. We saved them as long as we could, trimming them back each year, but theycouldn't remain any longer," said Goltz. At Western there is a great emphasis on trees, and even theBoard of Trustees is notified before one is removed," Goltz said. "It would have been much easier just to knock everything down when v/e built the Ridgeway dormitories but this would have given a completely different atmosphere. We prefer to keep all the trees we can," he said. TREES WERE INSPECTEDEvery tree on campus was recently inspected by the associate director of the University ofWashington Arboretum who reported their condition and life expectancy. Dozens, of trees have been planted here during the last few years. "It is hoped that they will be of considerable size before thetrees they are to replace must be removed," Goltz said. STUDENT CO-OP BOOK NEWS Un TheDown Staircase is available once again. We have many new titles. Come in when the rush is oyer andsee what we have. There is a beautiful edition of the Prophet that would be an Easter gift suggestion.The Phillips translation of the New Testament is back in stock. In poetry we have Roots and Branchesby Duncan, two new titles by Denise Leverton and Selected Prose of Roethke edited by Mills.Government jobs pay grads well Graduates of almost any major may find a well-paying job with thefederal government, according to the seven specialists on campus Wednesday, Federal Career Day. The group, headed by Walter Ward, a civil service recruiting aj*ent, has been visiting colleges in the fourNorthwestern states and Alaska. They have been informing students.of the varied college-levelopportunities in the federal government and interviewing applicants. They, will return to Western nextfall and spring quarters. "Positions are available in 200 fields," Ward said. "Now we especially needphysicists, chemists, mathematicians, management analysts, claims examiners, personnel officers,administrative assistants, economists, computer programmers, internal revenue officers, and business managers. "Trainees start with a $5200 or $6200 salary and are expected to advance $1000 in the firstyear," he said. There will be even more jobs available this fall, according to Ward. August graduatesshould inquire with Miss Corrine Hamilton. "Flowers of Quality" I. V. WILSON FLORIST 1426Cornwall Ave. Phone 733-7630 Guaranteed Flower Delivery By Wire Use Our Free Customer Parking•t Rear of Our Shop . -w± * ± ^e^ ^e^ j ± * *. * *. ^^w J *. .* *. J ±. ^yk. J9+. Lin Ckl A J A.T Y Y Y HELENA RUBINSTEIN PRESCRIPTIONS * STAR DRUG REXALL t Y T Y Y T T • gt; STATE HOLLY ™ Y Y Y Y Y T tY Y Y Y T Position Open For June or August GraduateWith Diablo School District No. 105 Combination First and Second Grades (total of 10 students) ForSchool Year 1966-67 STARTING SALARY OF $5,100 WITH B, A, No experience necessary. Salarysubject to increase with additional qualifications. FREE HOUSING Two bedroom apartment with stove,refrigerator and free utilities. EXCELLENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES including swimming pool.LOCATED IN THE CASCADE MOUNTAINS 55 MILES EAST OF SEDRO WOOLLEY Contact: Mr. S. B.Ratliff Director Clerk Diablo School District 105 Diablo Dam Rockport, Washington Forget the flowers,fellas, there will be no junior prom Western j u n i o r s will not promenade at t h e P r om next S a t u r d a y or any other S a t u r d a y this year. The P r om has been cancelled because of schedulingdifficulties, according to Craig Hill, j u n i o r class president. "The P r om was scheduled for Easterweekend at t he calendar meeting. This just didn't give us time to get t he dance under way," said Hill. "Iwas told by Brent Hayrynen lsst quarter that I would get a good evening for the prom. He also told methe calendar meeting would be held during the middle of last quarter but he didn't hold it until the weekbefore finals," claimed Hill. Program Vice President Brent Hayrynen countered by stating, "Our problemwas to find a date for the Prom which would not be too close to the Spring Sports Informal which hasbeen scheduled since the beginning of the year. I helped the Sports committee get Martin Denny but Ididn't pick the date for them." He added, "The calendar meetings have always been held at the end ofthe quarter and there must have been some misunderstanding by Hill MOTHER'S WEEK-ENDCONFLICTED A second conflict arose between Mothers' Week-end and the Prom. The girls representing Mothers,* Week-end had requested April 29 prior to the calendar meeting, S9. this date was notavailable either. "I am very sorry that the junior class didn't have enough time to .prepare their dance but I did not schedule any of our Associated; Student dances until everyone else has made their requests.GRAND THEATER BELLINGHAM, WN. NOW SHOWING! ALFRED HITCHCOCK'S MARNIE with thestar of "Goldfinger" and __ "Thunderball" SEAN CONNERY co-starring DIANE BAKER-MARTINGABEL TECHNICOLOR*- m m ^ m ^ AND ON THE SAME PROGRAM ALFRED ; HITCHC0CKS TkeBirdsTECHNICOLOR* A Universal Release With ROD TAYLOR SUSAN PLESHETTE Week Days Open6:30 P. M. ONE COMPLETE SHOWING "The Birds" 7:15 P. M. "Marine" 9:25 P. M. Sat. Sun. Open1:30 CONTINUOUS SHOWINGS we might not have any GO-GO-GIRLS but we still have fun at theftp Dancing to ttie "Interludes" Fridays Saturdays "If I were asked to state the great objective whichChurch and State are both demanding for the sake of every man and woman and child in this country, Iwould say that that great objective is *a more abundant life'." .- Franklin D. Roosevelt I = gt;IIs'Rooseveft Dime MONEY TALKS And its tone is persuasive with an NBofC spe- | \ cial checkingaccount. A great way to organize vfi y°ur budget... have money when you need it ^ Learn howconvenient it is—and how effective —to have your own personal checking account! ¥1 NATIONALBANK OF COMMERCE A good place to bank ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 4 ---------- PAGE FOUR THE COLLEGIAN FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 to comfort the afflicted and afflict the comforted the little things count Spring. This is the time for everything to grow, and by George, Western is provingit more than ever. We don't have to show pictures in the Collegian of all the construction that is going on around campus. All a person has to do is take a short walk and he can see that things are popping upall over. The new nine story girls' dormitory which will be ready by next fall is shaping up with amazingspeed and the P.E.- types can hardly wait, until the final touches are added on the eight tennis courtssoon to appear behind Carver Gym. All of this splendor and sudden expansion is great, we feel, and is indeed a credit to the college, but too many smaller projects, which should go hand in hand with thebig ones, are being ignored. Why, for example haven't the people upstairs (and we don't mean thestudent legis-a funny system During the past two years at Western, we have seen two peace marches.This year's incident was quiet and orderly. It has nearly been forgotten by all except the participants.Forty-nine arrests were the result of last year's march which was well publicized in the Seattle andNorthwest area newspapers. Many people can still remember most of what happened. It should bemade clear that the demonstrators in both events were the same, and the ideas were the same, yetone had a tremendous impact and one did not. People defended the victims of the first march notbecause of their ideas, but because the police made a mistake and antagonized the protesters.People were motivated toward an idea because of their sense of fair play. They did not endorse thedoc-the quiet sacrifice Next week is Peace Corps week. It's probably a good thing that it is, or this fineorganization would go completely unnoticed by most of us for 52 weeks out of the year instead of 51. Anumber of newspapers, magazines and other journals have sported a good assortment of argumentsagainst the Peace Corps but we have yet to see one which would hold enough water to merit acondemnation. Peace Corps workers, by the very nature of the task they have chosen, are not hornblowers, so to speak, nor are they well known for loudly coming to the defense of their ownaccomplishments. It is usually up to others to speak for this group of devoted young men and women.So what are we going to get now, you may ask, sympathy? lators) spent a few pennies to repair thechasms which are the driveways leading to parking lots behind the bookstore and the apartment buildingnext door? We aren't sure which takes a worse beat: ing, the road or the numerous undersides of thecars as they crunch and scrape their way out of the miserable places. Another thing—why, after allthese years, hasn't someone gone ahead with the idea of building a large shed, or shelter, or somethingfor the benefit of the people who ride to school on motorcycles and scooters? Surely nothing can be asmiserable as having to stand in an April shower as you try to load and start your bike. These projectsaren't very expensive, but they can mean just as much to the students as the biggest dorm orclassroom building. Let's hope we can see more of them in the near future.—Robert E. Graham, Jrtrines protested by the marchers, but they moved closer to acceptance than before. They were motivatedby sympathy in reaction to police abuse. The second march went off perfectly and people wereindifferent. The students were apathetic. The marchers who were allowed their7 freedom lt;5f speechand assembly, aroused little emotion. The sad fact that students were swayed not by rational proof, butby a police blunder is alarming. If people opposed to divergent opinions allow the proponents of thoseopinions to speak freely, then the general citizenery give no attention. But when those in the majority get edgy about letting protesters speak or meet or walk, then the minority has more effect than it deserves.-—Bruce Delbridge No, not sympathy, just a word of praise which we feel is well deserved. It is not easy to be a Peace Corps volunteer. A person must learn the language, customs and problems of people in such virtually unknown places as Sierra Leone, Malawi and Somalia. He must work under conditionswhich are often far from perfect. His pay is meager for the time and effort involved in his work. The realpay for a volunteer is sort of personal. It comes in the form of satisfaction with a job well done andknowledge that he can be of service to those who need help. It's no easy task. We urge you to take aquick glance at the Peace Corps World, that organization's official newspaper, and see what's beengoing on. You might like what you see.—Robert E. Graham, Jr. the collegian FOUNDINGMEMBER OF PACIFIC STUDENT PRESS Affiliated with United States Student Press Association,Collegiate Press Service. Second-class postage paid at Bellingham, Washington PHONE 734-7600,EXT. 269 - COPY DEADLINE TUESDAY 12 NOON ROBERT E. GRAHAM, JR., Editor Managing Editor,Bruce Delbridge Feature Editor, Vern Giesbrecht Sports Editor, Jerry Ehrler News Editor, Carl ClarkBusiness Manager, Don Alford Photo Editor, Doug Van Ness Staff: Don Duncan, Bob Hicks, MaryMagnuson, Norma Schneider, Maria Miller, LeAnn Kurr. Cartoonists, Ed Solem, Leonard Eldred WeaklyWhig Wit, Mike Williams Our Leader, Phil McAuley SIR, this village is not held by the Viet Cong, but . ."A TALE TOLD BY AN IDIOT ft By MIKE WILLIAMS Once upon a time there was a kingdom calledHubrisia. It was a very small and conservative kingdom; aside from some trade with nearby smallconservative kingdoms it was isolated from the rest of the world It dwelled on a mountain overlooking thesea. One day the king decided he didn't like being isolated. He called together his advisors and said tothem: "I have decided I don't like being isolated. It is a big world. I wish our country to be known far andwide. What shall we do?" The king's advisors wrapped their many-colored cloaks about themselves andhuddled together. There were the Chancellor of Economy, the Chancellor of Population, the Chancellor ofMales and the Chahcllor of The Others. The king watched them anxiously for sometime, then they allnodded their heads. The Chancellor of Economy approached the regent saying; - "Sire, we have ananswer. We know how to become a strong and famous country . . . but it will take time." "Tell me, tellme," cried the king, excitedly tripping down the stairs from the throne. " "To become an important country we first must have a bureaucracy," the Chancellor of Economy stated proudly, hauling the king to hisfeet. The king agreed and Hubrisia developed a bureaucracy. Soon it was in full swing and working withexcellent inefficiency. Taxes were ordered to be paid on time and rebates were always late. The clerksperiodically made computational errors to the government's credit—but never their debit. However, thekingdom on the mountain still remained unknown. In answer to the king's plea, the Chancellor of Economy said, "We must seek outside aid for research projects so people Will know of us" "But the Hubrisias arein need, what about them?" asked the Chancellor of Population. "Bah," the other cried. "They are hereand won't leave, we shouldn't worry about them, our fame is more important!" SEARCH SEX LIFE So the intellectuals of Hubrisia were sent to Marble-on-the-Potomac, capital of the Land of Plenty. And theyreturned with subsidies for researching the sex life of the male Tsetse fly. While still the people ofHubrisia paid high taxes. "We must now have cultural-looking surroundings," the king said, "for they willfurther enhance our country." So the playgrounds were torn up and concrete courtyards and fountainsreplaced them. Fame of the little kingdom overlooking the sea and the islands spread and people beganto visit and live in the country. . Land:in the outer reaches of Hubrisia was converted to housingdevelopments and the bureaucratic government was excellently nearsighted, to .little concern of theChancellors. For so anxious were they to supply good housing they forgot to leave room for stables andplaces to leave the wagons of the people. The king was pleased with the growing fame. Other kingdomswere now aware of Hubrisia. But the king was ambitious. "What else can we do?" he asked theChancellors. "Why not reduce the taxes on our people?" the Chancellor of Population whined."Impossible!" roared the. Chancellor of Economy. "The external pressures from the Land of the Water aretoo great." "We are homogenous," the Chancellors of the Males and the Other said together. "To become famous we must be diversified and heterogenous." So they became diversified and heterogenous. Andgrew, and grew. And the bureaucracy was happy. More and more people flocked to the little country. Butit was no longer the little country and they be-grew bigger and the people grew smaller. The fame grewbigger and came lost under the blanket of the bureaucracy. And the country's fame the people grewsmaller. The fame grew bigger and the people . . . ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 5 ---------- FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 THE COLLEGIAN PAGE FIVE Sun 'it snow on tap at big Baker bashExperienced cardboard toboggan racers, innertube i v e r s , and snow sculptors leave for Mt. Bakertonight and m o r r ow to compete in the activities of t h e a n n u a l . S n ow estival. The Snow King and Queen, elected y e s t e r d a y , will reign rer t h e festival, which lasts u n t i l Sunday afternoon.Students with weekend tickets 11 leave for the mountain to-ght and participate in a hootenany Mt. Baker Lodge, where they 11 be staying. Buses will leave rver Gymnasium at 7 p. m. students who havepurchased tic-ts will leave the gym by bus at i. m. Saturday. Phe day's festivities will begin at :30 a. m.with a beginner's ob-cle course race. Half an hour er the snow sculpture contest will gin and continueuntil 4 p. m., en prizes will be awarded for ; most outstanding creations. \.t 12:30 p. m. there will be a nt slalom, followed by a tobog-n race. At 3 p. m. the slopes will covered with tumbling, twisting •bertubes, supposedly controlled their drivers, as the inner-tube e gets under way. ill students with weekendtickets Tapers AUTHENTIC IVY SLACKS NO-IRON FABRICS fll Tapers At SHARP men's stores, ofwrite: A-1 KotzinCo.^ Los Angelas, Calitt9001S* must bring sleeping bags, according to Ken Grigsby,chairman of the festival. There will be a dance from 8:30 to 11 p. m. with music by the Coachmen.Buses will return to Western when the dance is over. Folk-singing and a non-denominational churchservice led by Rev. Lyle 0. Sellards, director of the Ignited Campus Christian Foundation at Western willbegin at midnight. The festival will end with an intermediate slalom at 10:30 a. m. Sunday. Buses willbe loaded at 1 p. m. to return the weekenders to campus. Those who attend the Snow Festival canget a 25 per cent discount on ski rentals and a 33 per cent discount on lessons at the lodge if they signup at the VU desk according to Ken Grigsby. The Trior begins Spring film series The first of thisquarter's art film scries, "The Trial," will be presented tonight at 6:15 and 8:30 in the collegeauditorium. This 1962 film, directed by Orson Welles, is a screen interpretation of the novel, "The Trial,"by Franz Kafka. Anthony Perkins portrays a young man charged with a nameless crime. He tries todiscover a reality in the Director William Birner of the Speech Department and two of his charges ponder a scale model of the stage as they prepare for the April 21-23 presentation of Arthur Fauquez' childrens'play, Reynard the Fox. The play is a colorful, comical and suspenseful work, with the significance lying inthe satirical comment of the human counterparts of its animal characters. LOCAL GROUP TO PLAYThe Enchanters have been imported by the Program Council for the Senior Class Mixer, the firstdance of the quarter. The dance is scheduled for tonight from 9 to 12 in the VU. Admission will De 50cents per person. \ Delicious Doughnuts 1 made fresh daily GARDEN STREET Doughnut CoffeeShop A full line of dairy products at the dairy drive-in. GARDEN AT HOLLY madness of the nightmaresurrounding him. Through his searching, he becomes a symbol of modern man. THE Horseshoe Cafe AND Ranch Room "We Never Close" DOWNTOWN BELLINGHAM I buy MY Easter Cards and Giftsat.... STUDENT CO-OP NO SHOP MORE CONVENIENT' 25% DISCOUNT New "Discover America, JetCoach Excursion fares effective March 27, subject to Government approval. For Example Fly SeattleRound Trip To: Chicago --. $166.11 New York $228.53 Denver $110.41 San Diego $106.47 Los Angeles$ 97.28 San Francisco $ 66.73 Above fares include tax. For particulars, see the "SMITHS" AT Whatcom Travel Service 217 W. Holly Street Phone 733-3800 Special Spring Membership $6.00 Entire QuarterBEL LYN PAR 3 GOLF 9 HOLES ALL PAR-3 Ideal For The College Student RELAX—HAVE FUN —PRACTICE GREAT FOR DATES Clubs and Equipment Rentals 3!/2 Miles North of City Limits On TheGuide Meridian Call 733-3020 or 734-7629 For Information Have You Seen . RAYMOND and BENNETT? (If Not, Why) NIGHTLY FROM 9 P. M. In the CASINO' S. LEOPOLD HOTEL THE NO COVERCHARGE 9 to 2 m mmmmmmm ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 6 ---------- PAGE SIX THE COLLEGIAN FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 Low funds cause library lag By VERNONGIESBRECHT Collegian Feature Editor A college's r e p u t a t i o n and p r e s t i g e depends, t o acons i d e r a b l e extent, upon t h e q u a l i t y of i t s l i b r a r y , b u t Howa r d McGaw, directorof Wilson L i b r a r y , admits t h a t Weste r n enjoys a good reputation, despite its l i b r a r y.McGaw pointed out, however, that Western's reputation will suffer unless the library keeps pace withburgeoning enrollment, the growing master's degree program, and the need to recruit the bestinstructors. "I believe in facing up to the problem," said McGaw. "It's obvious that Wilson Library is not nearly adequate even as an undergraduate library, and Western is already offering seven master'sdegree programs, with three more under consideration." FINANCIAL WOES Money, or lack of it, is atthe root of most of Wilson Library's woes. Hopes of bringing the Library closer to standard weredashed last year when the state legislature cut $100,000 from the proposed '65-'67 Library budget."President Bunke did everything he could to secure additional funds," McGaw said, "but withoutsuccess." McGaw outlined some of the major deficiencies of Wilson Library: (1) The present total ofapproximately 140,000 books is not nearly enough. "According to standards set by the AmericanLibrary Association, we should have twice as many books," McGaw reported. And, he pointed out, itwould cost nearly one and a half million dollars to double the present collection. Working on arestricted budget, Western cannot possibly meet the standard in the next few years. (2)Reclassification of books from the Dewey Decimal System to American Library of Congress; is nearly at a standstill, due to lack of funds, and under staffing. "It would cost about $192,000 over four years tofinish the job of reclassification," said McGaw. (3) Twelve thousand unbound periodicals need binding,a task that would cost $50,000. McGaw said the binding of these periodicals would greatly benefit thestudent, because all back issues of periodicals could be placed on open shelves so the studentscould serve AARDVARK ROOKS AND ARTS FIRST BIG SALE NEW AND USED BOOKS 2 0 gt;4TO 5 0 / 0 OFF ART — EDUCATION — MILITARY FICTION — MEDICAL — RELIGION AND MANY, MANY MORE 13 E. HOLLY ST. Ph. 734-4043 OPEN 10:30 A. M. TO 10:00 P. M. I In ProgressResides In Problem's Knots There's a simple solution to so many problems . . . difficult only the first time faced. Such as, how to buy a diamond when you haven't any cash. Just go to Weisfield's and ask forcredit. We're happy to assist any student of promise. See our big selection of bridal sets. I weisfieldsJEWELERS S .128 W. Holly St. 125.00 w'C%W£ M, gt; gt; ^w.-££ Vie gt;£ lv gt;. y DR.HOWARD F. McGAW . . . library director themselves. McGaw also said the number of periodicalscurrently received by Wilson Library is well below standard. OVERWORKED STAFF While thesedeficiencies constitute the chief problems, Library Director McGaw has other things to worry about aswell. Wilson Library is understaffed, especially in the cataloguing and acquisitions departments."William Scott is head of both circulation and peri- Prom J Formats and After 5 Dresses Largest |Selection I North of Seattle g From $24.95j - Open Monday 1 2 - 7 p.m. Tues.-Sat. 10:30-5:30 Friday Night w Until f 9 p.m. 306 W. Champion The triangle at BB Furniture points to the shop. 4*8?odicals," said McGaw, "and it's just getting too much for him." A vital job that has bogged down is thediscarding of out-of-date books. "Weeding out-of-date books should be an ongoing process, just likeordering books," McGaw said, "but we just don't have the time." McGaw compared Western's libraryexpenditure with that of various "prestige" colleges, and acknowledged that Western was "pretty fardown the ladder." For example, Western's library expenditure per student is $59, compared to $100 for Antioch College, $146 for Oberlin, $200 for Dartmouth, and $207 for Swathmore. Commenting on thelibrary hours, McGaw said the present budget and staff makes it impossible to extend the hours ofservice to Friday nights and Saturday mornings. "So far, there has not been much demand forextended hours," he said. However, he feels the Library should remain open longer to encourageserious study, and hopes to extend library hours when the addition to the library is completed in 1969.McGaw said $1,750,000 has been earmarked for the building project, which will begin in 1968. Theaddition will increase Wilson Library's area by 75,000 square feet. "Our current capacity of 200,000will be doubled by the addition," y McGaw said. | "Studies have shown that most 1 ad 80 will probablyhave mostly smai tables and individual desks." BIGGER AND BETTER Other features of the librarydition will be an expanded micr film section, more Xerox copyin machines, a greatly enlarged peri odicalsection, closed carrels graduate students and facult; members, and increasing mecha ization inaccounting, circulatio: and checking out procedures. McGaw predicted that ther would be one or morerooms fo smoking. "There's not enough ve tilation now," he added. One problem not faced by Wl sonLibrary at present is over crowding. "There are over seats in the Library," said Mi Gaw, "and they arenever filled at once. Certain areas get crowded, though, especial! the periodicals, reserve and rei erencerooms." BOOKS DISAPPEAR McGaw said books and period cals do disappear from the brary, despitethe presence of boo checkers at the exits. "The boo checkers serve as a reminder careless students,and guar against the few students who ar dishonest," he commented. "W would prefer to have nocheckers he added, "but a few students ca do a lot of damage." McGaw emphasized the import ance of a good library in attract ing students as well as facult members, and commented, "I'm Students, preferindividual desks," | f a v o r £* u s i modem d McGaw said, and the addition •* FACTORY-TRAINEDMECHANICS Expert Service Costs Lesi vice that will increase the effi ciency and capacity of the Library." A less stingy legislature wouL help matters too. Courtesy Bus for Campur Leaves 8:40 a. m.Daily Lange Volkswagen INC. 112 SAMISH WAY Phone 734-5230 ® AUTHQBUtt OIALU BinyonOptometrists 1328 CORNWALL Mjjjg^jgf Ph. 733-9300 / Optometrists COMPLETE OPTOMETRICSERVICE CONTACT LENSES Dr. Leroy H. Freeman FASHION FRAMES Dr. Carl Gilbert a case forwreckless love a look at the future of a Unitarian Fellowship. Guest Minister Ralph Mero, of UnitarianFellowship, Kirkland, Wash. WWSC DISCUSSION GROUP will meet at the minister's home 819 HighStreet, Apt. 212 at 7:30 Sunday evening. bellingham U N I T A R I AN fellowship Gladstone andFranklin Robert C. Swain, Minister (Phone church office for a ride: 733-3837. If no answer, call U.C.C.F.: 733-8702.) Typewriter and Adding Machine Sales, Service and Rentals We carry all makes ofportables and used machines. BELLINGHAM BUSINESS MACHINES 1410 Commercial 734-3630(next to Bon Marche) ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 7 ---------- FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1966 THE COLLEGIAN PAGE SEVEN., Holy cow!! Sharon horns in at dorm LittleBoy Blue., come blow your horn, The sheep's in the meadow, the cow's in the dorm. COLLEGE PARK,Md. (CPS)— ic cow—all 700 pounds of it—was ! the eighth floor of a girls' •rmitory, CentervilleSouth, at the uiversity of Maryland. At 4:40 a. m. several coeds were vakened by a noise in the hall. iinvestigation showed, to their nazement, that a cow named laron was the source of the noise. Unable togain proper footing on e polished floor, Sharon was half-iding, half-walking down the hall. Gradually, thenoise aroused most the sleeping students on the gt;pr. While -some of the girls tried sooth the nervous animal, others l e d the housemother. After seeing e cow, she called the campus lice. The policesummoned four under-aduate men employed by the iversity's Department of Animal ience to tend to theuniversity-rned bovine. The four arrived at 5:20 a. m. ley coaxed their ward down the slippery hall andinto the elevator and took her back to her barn. Not being housebroken, Sharon left quite a mess behindher and the university janitors had to be awakened to come clean it up. The person or personsresponsible for Sharon's visit have not been identified but Salvatore Esposito, assistant dean for studentlife, promised an investigation. The Dean of Women's office had a prompt "no comment." Evidence, andthere was a good deal of it, suggests that Sharon was brought in through the basement, taken up theelevator to the eighth floor and turned loose in the hall. How entrance was gained to the basementwithout tripping the building's automatic alarm system remains unanswered. This is not the first time a university animial has been "stolen," officials said. east orange 1307 state entertainment i IMPORT MOTORS I . G. Austin-Healey Sprite MG 1100 SPORTS SEDAN MG MIDGET AUSTIN-HEALEY MG"B" SPRITE PARTS AND SERVICE FOR ALL IMPORTED CARS 120 GRAND, BELLINGHAM 733-7300 BIG SELECTION OF NEW AND USED IMPORTED AND SPORTS CARS "Would someone please callEnnen's and tell my wife I'll trade her a grocery list for my speech notes?!" ENNEN'S THRIFTWAY HIGHAND HOLLY ••WHERE EVERY CUSTOMER IS IMPORTANT" linguistic experts to debate issuebe result of language?' How one uses or mis-uses the language he speaks can cause minordifferences or major wars, according to S. I. Hayakawa. Hayakawa, of San Francisco State College, is one of five internationally- known scholars who will speak to Western students during the next twoweeks. The concert-lecture series symposium, "Language and the Nature of Man," will present thelecturers April 4-14. Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy, a German professor and author, will give his views on why language is the central force of life. At 8:15 pm, April 4, in Lecture Hall 4, he will present a lectureentitled "The Lingo of Linguistics," and at 8:15 pm, April 5, in L-4, "Now We Are Called to Life. He willlend an informal panel discussion at 4 pm April 6, in Humanities 106. A lecture by Hayakawa,"Semantic Barriers to International Communications," will be given at 8:15 pm April 7, in L-4. Thefollowing day a panel discussion will be held at 4 pm in Hu 106. Professor Charles E. Osgood, of theUniversity of Illinois will speak on "Explorations in Semantic Space" at 8:15 pm April 11, in L4i Themeasurement of meaning in language will be discussed by Osgood and a panel at 4 pm the next dayin Hu 106. A University of Washington professor, Melville Jacobs, will give a lecture entitled,"Mythology, Its Structure and Functions" at 8:15 pffli April 13, in L-4. Sol Saporta, also of theUniversity of Washington, will comment on "Generative Grammar" at 8:15 pro April 14, in L-2. haircream s mouth wash 1H i p i bone;I. low-riding at the waist.. .and with a no-iron, permanent p ^ in LeeLeens. Shown, Lee-Prest Leens in Bob Gat Twill, a blend of 50% Fortrel® polyester/ 50% cotton. InPewter, Sa^Black. $6.0lv Leeris: $5.00 to $7.00. ' "^ lain kind of pants...for your kind of jetton„x gt;™ gt; , S #: KORATROfi H. P. Lee Co,, Inc., Kansas City,V. J, 64141; A_SO AVAILABLE IN CANADA. ---------- Collegian - 1966 April 1 - Page 8 ---------- PAGE EIGHT THE COLLEGIAN HE'S THE ONE IN THE MIDDLE DEMONSTRATING THE FORM that he hopes will carry him to a new record, Hal Smith warms up for his April 16 shot at the mark. No one haschallenged Smith's right to the crown of the twirlers since he claimed it last May. Twirler tries for newmark; no new claims since last May Usually an unofficial world's record holder can expect to hold his t it l e u n t i l a fellow down the block has time to c l a im t h a t he has broken it. But Hal Smith, Westernsophomore, has not heard from anyone since he claimed to hold the record for spinning a basketball onhis finger last May. Smith spun the roundball for 1 hour and 7 minutes last April 19 and later broke hisown mark with a 1 hour 37 minute effort. "My grades were falling because I was spinning seven hoursevery day, so I quit almost altogether." Smith has been in semi-retirement at Alaska House since. Butthe dizzying sophomore finds the basketball to be like a good book; he cannot put it down. He plans totake another crack at the record April 16. "I'm not going to let it become an obsession with me like itwas last year. Maybe I'll stand a better chance of improving the record if I have that attitude/' Netmen test PLU in opener today Western's tennis team opens 'its season today against the Lutes from PacificLutheran University. The match is scheduled for 1 p. m. on the Big Blue's court. According to CoachWiseman the Viking nucleus is around two returning lettermen, junior Mark Pearlrrtan and sophomoreJohn Leighton. Otherwise the Viks are young and inexperienced in college play. Wiseman is optimisticbut concerned with the strong play in the Evergreen Conference. If his inexperienced racketmenperform well he expects a successful season. THIS WEEK IN SPORTS BASEBALL April 2—SkagitValley College, 1:30 pm at Civic Field. April 5—Seattle Pacific, 6 pm at Civic Field. TENNIS April2—Pacific Lutheran University, 1 pm. April 5—Seattle Pacific, 2 pm. BULWOOGIA, April 1,1306—Ricar-do Foole, King of this tiny country named this day a national holiday in honor of his newlyborn daughter, April. King Ricardo's wife, Ima, was reported to have said that the new princess was bornwith a large grin on her face. r/350? CAN RUIN YOUR FARM SOUND FAMILIAR? BALTIMORE .(CPS)*-John Hopkins University must be pretty confused at this point. When students; requested ameeting with administrators to "promote understanding of present administration policies; formulatepossible alternatives to those policies and comprehend the consequences of these alternatives," theymet with overwhelming response. University President Milton S. Eisenhower not only decided toattend, but brought along five deans, the registrar, the athletic department chairman and theschool's head librarian. Thirty-five students showed up. YOU NEED KELP, CHARLIE BROWN THEMEW PEANUTS3 CARTOON BOOK? by Charles M.SchuIz ONLY nat your college bookstore Holt,Rinehart and Winston, Inc. THE LARGEST VARIETY OF THE BEST PIZZAS IN TOWN NOWDELIVERED BY TONY'S CAMPUS DELIVERY TWO DELIVERIES: 8:30 PM and 10 PM MOKDAYTHRU SATURDAY NO SUNDAY DELIVERIES TONY'S PIZZA CAFE 1311 STATE 734-7430 VOTE NO! r HOLLY'S MEN'S SHOP FOR THE BEST-DRESSED COLLEGE MALE! 1307 CORNWALL THEBELLINGHAM 5 I~ NATIONAL BANK I 5 "Locally Owned and Operated Since 1904" j ^ j CORNWALL HOLLY | f Drive-In Office at | • 1605 Cornwall Ave. ! | , Member F.D.I.C. J "YOUR SAFETY SERVICE SPECIALISTS" 10% DISCOUNT TO COLLEGE STUDENTS Wayne Brake Wheel Alignment PHILMADES. Owner and Manaaer 1422 State St. Phone 733-1550 Probably the Best Mon. thru Sat., 11:30A. M. till 3:00 A. M. Sun. 12 till 8 p. m. Now Serving Your Favorite Beverages In Our NEW COCKTAILLOUNGE 1319 COMMERCIAL STREET What's red and black and swings ? THE BOWERYDANCING Wednesday, Friday and Saturday Nites 11th and Harris